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应用生态学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (7): 1915-1924.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202407.027

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整合结构连通与功能提升的黄土高原县域生态安全格局构建: 以延安市安塞区为例

朱宗斌1, 彭佳新1, 姚龙杰1, 潘卫涛2, 朱玲1,3, 朱宗珍4, 姜婧5, 岳邦瑞1,6*   

  1. 1西安建筑科技大学建筑学院, 西安 710055;
    2西京学院设计艺术学院, 西安 710123;
    3中国城乡建设与文化传承研究院, 西安 710055;
    4兰州财经大学农林经济管理学院, 兰州 730020;
    5西安市勘察测绘院, 西安 710001;
    6绿色建筑全国重点实验室, 西安 710055
  • 收稿日期:2024-02-06 修回日期:2024-05-28 出版日期:2024-07-18 发布日期:2025-01-18
  • 通讯作者: *E-mail: yuebangrui@xauat.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:朱宗斌, 男, 1996年生, 博士研究生。主要从事景观生态规划、国土景观保护与修复研究。E-mail: zhuzongbin@xauat.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    “十四五”国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3802803)、国家自然科学基金项目(51578437)和西安市社会科学规划基金项目(24QL29)

Construction of ecological security pattern in Loess Plateau counties by integrating structural connectivity and functional enhancement: A case study of Ansai District, Yan'an City, Northwest China

ZHU Zongbin1, PENG Jiaxin1, YAO Longjie1, PAN Weitao2, ZHU Ling1,3, ZHU Zongzhen4, JIANG Jing5, YUE Bangrui1,6*   

  1. 1School of Architecture, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China;
    2Design Art College, Xijing University, Xi'an 710123, China;
    3China Institute of Urban and Rural Construction and Cultural Heritage, Xi'an 710055, China;
    4School of Agricultural and Forestry Economics and Management, Lanzhou University of Finance and Economics, Lanzhou 730020, China;
    5Xi'an Institute of Surveying and Mapping, Xi'an 710001, China;
    6National Key Laboratory of Green Building, Xi'an 710055, China
  • Received:2024-02-06 Revised:2024-05-28 Online:2024-07-18 Published:2025-01-18

摘要: 生态安全格局是维持生态过程和保障生态系统功能稳定的重要空间途径。随着景观规划和决策的开始实施,亟需考虑生态安全格局构建的差异化方法及其空间输出的一致性,以及研究对象的匹配性和适用性。本研究从整合视角出发,以黄土高原退耕还林工程主要实施区域延安市安塞区为对象,结合地域地形地貌和景观特征,融合形态学空间格局分析和生态系统服务重要性评价结果识别生态源地,构建安塞区生态安全格局。结果表明: 结构型与功能型构建方法在空间保护优先级识别上的一致性较低,面向整合集成的方法可形成互补,能实现结构连通与功能提升双重目标;研究区共有202个生态源地,总面积391.58 km2,约占研究区总面积的13.3%,整体呈现碎片化分布特征,主要分布于北部和南部;研究区共有110条生态廊道,总长度599 km,主要围绕河道分布,呈现出“南北部短窄密集、中部长宽疏朗”的分布特征。本研究提供的结构-功能整合方法为国土空间生态修复规划工作提供新见解,并能推进景观格局、过程和服务的研究。

关键词: 生态安全格局, 结构连通, 功能提升, 黄土高原

Abstract: Ecological security pattern is an important spatial way to maintain ecological processes and ensure the stability of ecosystem functions. As the implementation of landscape planning and decision-making, it is critically needed to consider the consistency of differentiated methods and their spatial outputs in the construction of ecological security patterns and the matching and applicability of research objects. From the perspective of integration, we combined the regional topography and landscape characteristics, integrated the morphological spatial pattern analysis and the importance evaluation results of ecosystem services to identify the ecological source, and constructed the ecological security pattern of the Ansai District of Yan'an City, the main implementation area of the Grain-for-Green Project on the Loess Plateau. The results showed that the structural and functional construction methods had low consistency in the identification of spatial protection priority. The integration-oriented method could complement each other and achieve the dual goals of structural connectivity and functional improvement. There were 202 ecological sources in the study area, with a total area of 391.58 km2, accounting for 13.3% of the total area of the study area. There were 110 ecological corridors in the study area, with a total length of 599 km, which were mainly distributed around the river channel, showing a distribution pattern of ‘short and narrow dense in the north and south, long and wide in the middle'. The structure-function integration method provides new insights for ecological restoration planning of land space and promotes the research of landscape pattern, process and service.

Key words: ecological security pattern, structural connectivity, functional enhancement, Loess Plateau