青岛城郊黑松与刺槐径向生长和对极端干旱的生态弹性

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202604.007

应用生态学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (4): 1033-1043.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202604.007

青岛城郊黑松与刺槐径向生长和对极端干旱的生态弹性

吴倩¹, 杨金明¹, 王舶鉴², 高道雄³, 李士美¹, 李宗善⁴, 李海防¹, 卢慧翠^1,5*, 范泽鑫³

¹青岛农业大学园林与林学院, 山东青岛 266109;
²山东省林业保护与发展服务中心, 济南 250014;
³中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园, 热带森林生态学重点实验室, 云南勐腊 666303;
⁴中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 城市与区域生态国家重点实验室, 北京 100085;
⁵山东省耐盐碱草木种质创新重点实验室, 山东青岛 266109

收稿日期:2025-11-25 修回日期:2026-03-04 出版日期:2026-04-18 发布日期:2026-05-29
通讯作者: *E-mail: huicui.lu@qau.edu.cn
作者简介:吴倩, 女, 1999年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事城市林业研究。E-mail: wq17865467651@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(31800374)

Radial growth and ecological resilience to extreme drought of Pinus thunbergii and Robinia pseudoacacia in urban and rural environments of Qingdao, China

WU Qian¹, YANG Jinming¹, WANG Bojian², GAO Dao-xiong³, LI Shimei¹, LI Zongshan⁴, LI Haifang¹, LU Huicui^1,5*, FAN Zexin³

¹School of Landscape and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China;
²Shandong Forestry Protection and Development Center, Jinan 250014, China;
³Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, Yunnan, China;
⁴State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China;
⁵Shandong Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation of Saline-alkaline Tolerant Grasses and Trees, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China

Received:2025-11-25 Revised:2026-03-04 Online:2026-04-18 Published:2026-05-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 全球气候变暖与城市化加剧重塑了城郊环境梯度,从而影响城市森林树木的生长与适应过程。本研究在滨海城市青岛城区森林公园和郊区崂山设置样地,选取黑松和刺槐样木342株,采集样芯626根(黑松339根、刺槐287根),基于树木年轮学方法,定量分析了两树种在不同城市化强度下的径向生长特征及其对极端干旱(1992、2015年)的生态弹性差异。结果表明:城区和郊区2树种径向生长速率为1.87～2.75 mm·a^-1,城区树木径向生长速率整体低于郊区(平均低1.6%～4.7%),且近期(2004—2020年)较前期(1980—2003年)呈减缓趋势,其中城区降幅更大。城区与郊区树木在干旱响应策略上存在显著差异:黑松在城区的干旱抵抗力较郊区显著提高18.0%,表明其在城市干旱胁迫下具备更强的即时抗性,而刺槐在郊区的抵抗力较城区显著提高25.9%,表明其更适应郊区环境。两树种在城区与郊区的恢复力和弹力总体差异不显著,但黑松弹力(1.34、1.39)略高于刺槐(1.00、1.20),表明其生态弹性相对较强。两树种的抵抗力与恢复力之间呈显著负相关,黑松在城区的权衡曲线更为平缓且恢复力跨度更大,反映其在城市环境下具备更灵活的生态调节能力。总体而言,城市化与气候变暖共同强化了干旱胁迫,限制了树木径向生长,导致两树种在抵抗力与恢复力间采取差异化的适应策略。

关键词: 城市化, 极端干旱, 生态弹性, 树木年轮, 径向生长

Abstract: Global climate warming and intensified urbanization have altered the urban-rural environmental gradient, with consequence on the growth and adaptation processes of urban forest trees. To explore the differences in radial growth and ecological resilience of trees under varying degrees of urbanization, we established plots in forest parks within urban areas of Qingdao and in the rural area of Laoshan Mountain. A total of 342 trees and 626 cores (including 339 Pinus thunbergii and 287 Robinia pseudoacacia) were sampled. Using dendrochronological methods, we quantitatively analyzed the growth characteristics and responses of both species to extreme drought events (in both 1992 and 2015) under different urbanization intensities. The results showed that radial growth rates of both species were 1.87-2.75 mm·a^-1 and were generally lower in urban than those in rural areas (on average 1.6% to 4.7% lower). Both species exhibited a decreasing trend during recent years (2004-2020) relative to the past period (1980-2003), with a more significant decline in urban areas. P. thunbergii in urban areas showed significantly higher resistance (18.0%) than those in rural areas, suggesting stronger immediate tolerance to drought stress, whereas R. pseudoacacia displayed higher resistance (25.9%) in rural sites, indicating better adaptation to less urbanized environments. The recovery and resilience of both species in two areas showed relatively small differences, though P. thunbergii (1.34, 1.39) recovered slightly faster than R. pseudoacacia (1.00, 1.20), demonstrating that P. thunbergii has higher ecological resilience. Both resistance and recovery were significantly negatively correlated. P. thunbergii in urban sites exhibited a flatter trade-off curve and a wider range of recovery, reflecting a more flexible ecological adjustment under urban conditions. Overall, the combined effects of urbanization and climate warming have intensified drought stress, limited radial growth, and driven divergent adaptive strategies between resistance and recovery across tree species.

Key words: urbanization, extreme drought, ecological resilience, tree ring, radial growth

吴倩, 杨金明, 王舶鉴, 高道雄, 李士美, 李宗善, 李海防, 卢慧翠, 范泽鑫. 青岛城郊黑松与刺槐径向生长和对极端干旱的生态弹性[J]. 应用生态学报, 2026, 37(4): 1033-1043.

WU Qian, YANG Jinming, WANG Bojian, GAO Dao-xiong, LI Shimei, LI Zongshan, LI Haifang, LU Huicui, FAN Zexin. Radial growth and ecological resilience to extreme drought of Pinus thunbergii and Robinia pseudoacacia in urban and rural environments of Qingdao, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2026, 37(4): 1033-1043.

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青岛城郊黑松与刺槐径向生长和对极端干旱的生态弹性

Radial growth and ecological resilience to extreme drought of Pinus thunbergii and Robinia pseudoacacia in urban and rural environments of Qingdao, China

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