小球藻提高小麦磺胺甲恶唑抗性

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202604.033

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为明确施加小球藻对磺胺甲恶唑(SMX)胁迫下小麦幼苗抗性的提升效应及相关机制,分别开展小球藻培养和小麦幼苗水培试验:向小球藻培养液中加入0、25、50、100和200 mg·L^-1SMX连续培养7 d,分析其生长、光合及SMX去除能力;向小麦幼苗水培液中施加0、25、50、100 mg·L^-1SMX和小球藻(0.5 g·L^-1)连续培养15 d,检测其生长、光合特性及体内和培养液中SMX含量。结果表明:小球藻对SMX有较强耐受性,在200 mg·L^-1SMX下仍能维持有效生长。培养7 d后,其对培养液中SMX净去除率最高达64.1%,且在低浓度SMX下以降解为主要去除途径。SMX胁迫显著抑制小麦幼苗生长和光合活性,施加小球藻后可有效缓解该胁迫效应,使幼苗株高、根长、鲜重和干重较(25、50、100 mg·L^-1)SMX处理组分别提升3.7%～10.9%、2.0%～11.1%、9.3%～21.6%和6.7%～19.4%,光合活性也得到改善。施加小球藻显著提高了水培液中SMX去除率,小麦体内SMX富集量和水培液中SMX残留量分别降低13.6%～39.6%和8.9%～22.7%。综上,小球藻通过吸收降解SMX,降低根际环境与小麦体内的SMX含量,从而减轻其对小麦生长的毒害。研究结果可为抗生素残留污染的绿色防控以及小麦安全生产提供新的科学参考。

关键词: 小球藻, 小麦, 磺胺甲恶唑, 抗逆性

Abstract: To clarify mechanisms underlying the enhancing effect of applying Chlorella sorokiniana on the resis-tance of wheat (Triticum aestivum) seedling under sulfamethoxazole (SMX) stress, we conducted experiments on C. sorokiniana cultivation and wheat seedling hydroponics. There were four treatments with the concentration of 0, 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg·L^-1 SMX in the culture medium of C. sorokiniana. After 7 days cultivation, algal growth, photosynthetic activity, and SMX removal capacity were analyzed. Subsequently, 0, 25, 50, 100 mg·L^-1 of SMX and C. sorokiniana culture solution (0.5 g·L^-1) were applied to the hydroponic solution of wheat seedlings for 15 days cultivation. We measured the growth, photosynthetic characteristics, and SMX content in both the see-dings and culture medium. The results showed that C. sorokiniana exhibited strong tolerance to SMX, maintaining effective growth under 200 mg·L^-1 SMX. After 7 days cultivation, the maximum net removal rate of SMX from the culture medium reached 64.1%, with degradation being the main removal pathway under lower SMX concentrations. SMX stress significantly inhibited the growth and photosynthetic activity of wheat seedlings, while the application of C. sorokiniana effectively alleviated this stress effect. Compared to the (25, 50, 100 mg·L^-1) SMX treatment group, the seeding height, root length, fresh weight, and dry weight were elevated by 3.7%-10.9%, 2.0%-11.1%, 9.3%-21.6%, and 6.7%-19.4%, respectively, and photosynthetic activity was also improved. The application of C. sorokiniana significantly increased the SMX removal rate in the hydroponic solution, while reducing SMX accumulation in wheat seedings and residual SMX in the hydroponic solution by 13.6%-39.6% and 8.9%-22.7%, respectively. In summary, C. sorokiniana reduced SMX levels in the rhizosphere environment and wheat seedings through absorption and degradation, thereby mitigating toxic effects of SMX on wheat growth. The findings could provide insights for the green prevention and control of antibiotic residue pollution and the safe production of wheat.

Key words: Chlorella sorokiniana, wheat (Triticum aestivum), sulfamethoxazole, resistance

郭宇双, 邓文超, 许亚东, 李琛, 张春辉, 薛金爱, 李润植, 季春丽. 小球藻提高小麦磺胺甲恶唑抗性[J]. 应用生态学报, 2026, 37(4): 1269-1278.

GUO Yushuang, DENG Wenchao, XU Yadong, LI Chen, ZHANG Chunhui, XUE Jin’ai, LI Runzhi, JI Chunli. Chlorella enhances the resistance of wheat to sulfamethoxazole[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2026, 37(4): 1269-1278.

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