喀斯特浅层岩溶裂隙土壤有机碳剖面特征及其影响因素

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202607.011

应用生态学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (7): 2187-2194.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202607.011

喀斯特浅层岩溶裂隙土壤有机碳剖面特征及其影响因素

向生建^1,2, 李婉池¹, 马宏^1,3,5*, 吕凤鸣¹, 唐国勇⁴

¹中国林业科学研究院高原林业研究所, 林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室, 昆明 650233;
²南京林业大学风景园林学院, 南京 210037;
³云南元谋干热河谷生态系统定位观测研究站, 元谋干热河谷荒漠综合治理国家长期科研基地, 云南楚雄 675000;
⁴楚雄师范学院, 云南楚雄 675000;
⁵云南省园林绿化植物资源培育与应用重点实验室, 昆明 650233

收稿日期:2025-10-22 接受日期:2026-05-15 出版日期:2026-07-18 发布日期:2027-01-18
通讯作者: *E-mail: hortscience@163.com
作者简介:向生建, 男, 2000年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事喀斯特岩溶裂隙生态系统研究。E-mail: 17772431004@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(32471724)和兴滇英才专项(YNWRQNBJ-2019-010)资助。

Profile characteristics of soil organic carbon in shallow karst fissures and its influencing factors

XIANG Shengjian^1,2, LI Wanchi¹, MA Hong^1,3,5*, LYU Fengming¹, TANG Guoyong⁴

¹State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Institute of Highland Forest Science, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming 650233, China;
²College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
³Yuanmou Desert Ecosystem Research Station, National Long-Term Scientific Research Base of Comprehensive Control, Chuxiong 675000, Yunnan, China;
⁴Chuxiong Normal University, Chuxiong 675000, Yunnan, China;
⁵Yunnan Key Laboratory of Landscape Plant Resource Cultivation and Application, Kunming 650233, China

Received:2025-10-22 Accepted:2026-05-15 Online:2026-07-18 Published:2027-01-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 浅层岩溶裂隙是喀斯特地区土壤重要的赋存空间,对该地区石漠化治理具有重要意义。以往研究存在有意或者无意避开岩溶裂隙只采集全土(非裂隙土)的现象,这可能导致研究结果失真。本研究以喀斯特断陷盆地车桑子灌丛中7个裂隙样地和1个全土样地为研究对象,通过相关分析、结构方程模型揭示裂隙土壤有机碳的剖面特征及其影响因素。结果表明:1)无论裂隙土还是全土,有机碳、易氧化有机碳和可溶性有机碳含量都随土壤深度的增加而递减,0～75 cm裂隙土壤有机碳含量均值(26.48 g·kg^-1)比全土均值(15.38 g·kg^-1)高72.2%;易氧化有机碳和可溶性有机碳含量均值分别比全土均值高30.7%和44.6%;2)全氮、碱解氮、易氧化有机碳、可溶性有机碳和β-葡萄糖苷酶与裂隙土有机碳呈极显著正相关,土壤水分含量与裂隙土有机碳呈极显著负相关;3)土壤氮含量和碳组分是有机碳的直接调控因子,裂隙土壤水分含量对有机碳无显著直接作用,主要通过抑制土壤氮含量(全氮和碱解氮)来间接抑制有机碳的积累。本研究揭示了裂隙土有机碳分布和积累的特征及其调控因素,建议在喀斯特土壤研究中除了采集全土外,还应采集一定比例的裂隙土壤以保证结果的准确性和可靠性。

关键词: 浅层岩溶裂隙, 土壤有机碳, 剖面分布, 影响因素

Abstract: Shallow karst fissures are important reservoirs and habitats for soils in karst regions and play a crucial role in controlling rocky desertification. Previous studies have often intentionally or unintentionally avoided karst fissures and examined only bulk soil (non-fissure soil), which may lead to biased research results. Taking seven fissure plots and one bulk soil plot within a Dodonaea viscosa shrub community in a karst faulted basin as research objects, we investigated the profile characteristics of soil organic carbon (SOC) in fissure soils and the controlling factors by using correlation analysis and structural equation modeling. The results showed that: 1) SOC, readily oxidizable organic carbon (ROC), and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in both fissure soil and bulk soil decreased with increasing soil depth. The average SOC in the 0-75 cm fissure soil profile (26.48 g·kg^-1) was 72.2% higher than that in bulk soil (15.38 g·kg^-1). The mean ROC and DOC contents were 30.7% and 44.6% higher than those in the bulk soils, respectively. 2) Total nitrogen (TN), alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen (AN), ROC, DOC, and β-glucosidase (βG) activity were all significantly positively correlated with SOC in fissure soils, whereas soil water content (SWC) showed a highly significant negative correlation with SOC in fissure soil. 3) Soil nitrogen content and carbon fractions were the direct drivers of SOC. SWC in fissure soil had no direct effect on SOC, but indirectly suppressed SOC accumulation mainly by inhibiting soil nitrogen content (TN and AN). This study revealed the distribution patterns, accumulation characteristics and controlling factors of SOC in karst fissures. We recommended that an appropriate proportion of fissure soil should be included to guarantee the accuracy and reliability of results in karst soil research.

Key words: shallow karst fissure, soil organic carbon, profile distribution, influencing factor

向生建, 李婉池, 马宏, 吕凤鸣, 唐国勇. 喀斯特浅层岩溶裂隙土壤有机碳剖面特征及其影响因素[J]. 应用生态学报, 2026, 37(7): 2187-2194.

XIANG Shengjian, LI Wanchi, MA Hong, LYU Fengming, TANG Guoyong. Profile characteristics of soil organic carbon in shallow karst fissures and its influencing factors[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2026, 37(7): 2187-2194.

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喀斯特浅层岩溶裂隙土壤有机碳剖面特征及其影响因素

Profile characteristics of soil organic carbon in shallow karst fissures and its influencing factors

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