黄土高原典型草原生物结皮对土壤呼吸的贡献及其对土壤温度和降雨的响应

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.014

应用生态学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (8): 2578-2584.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202608.014

黄土高原典型草原生物结皮对土壤呼吸的贡献及其对土壤温度和降雨的响应

王彤宇^1,2,3, 周世艳^1,2,3, 张思敏^1,2,3, 于博洋^1,2,3, 赵长明^1,2,3, 管超^1,2,3*

¹兰州大学生态学院草种创新与草地农业生态系统全国重点实验室, 兰州 730000;
²兰州大学榆中山地生态系统科学观测研究站, 兰州 730000;
³兰州大学甘肃省气候变化科学数据中心, 兰州 730000

收稿日期:2026-01-13 修回日期:2026-07-06 出版日期:2026-08-18 发布日期:2027-02-18
通讯作者: ^*E-mail: guanc@lzu.edu.cn
作者简介:王彤宇, 男, 2002年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事草地生态系统恢复研究。E-mail: wtongyu2025@lzu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(32371723)、甘肃省杰出青年基金项目(25JRRA630)和中央高校基本科研业务费(lzujbky-2023-eyt01)

Contribution of biocrusts to soil respiration and its responses to soil temperature and rainfall in a typical steppe on the Loess Plateau, Northwest China

WANG Tongyu^1,2,3, ZHOU Shiyan^1,2,3, ZHANG Simin^1,2,3, YU Boyang^1,2,3, ZHAO Changming^1,2,3, GUAN Chao^1,2,3*

¹State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
²Yuzhong Mountain Ecosystems Observation and Research Station, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
³Gansu Provincial Climate Change Science Data Center, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China

Received:2026-01-13 Revised:2026-07-06 Online:2026-08-18 Published:2027-02-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 生物结皮(简称结皮)对干旱半干旱生态系统碳循环有重要影响。然而,目前结皮对土壤呼吸的贡献及其环境响应机制仍不清晰,制约了对旱区土壤碳排放的准确评估。本研究以黄土高原混生结皮为对象,通过野外连续监测结皮覆盖土壤和去除结皮裸露土壤的呼吸速率,同步测定土壤温湿度及降雨量,探究了结皮对土壤呼吸的贡献及其对土壤温湿度和降雨等环境因子的响应。结果表明:结皮覆盖和去除结皮裸露土壤呼吸速率范围分别为0.07～1.66和-0.09～1.59 μmol·m^-2·s^-1,前者显著高于后者。结皮层呼吸效应值(结皮覆盖土壤呼吸速率与裸露土壤呼吸速率的差值)的变化范围为-0.33～0.93 μmol·m^-2·s^-1,其对土壤呼吸的贡献率变化范围为-31%～213%。降雨影响了结皮层呼吸效应值及其对土壤呼吸的贡献率,无降雨时结皮层对土壤呼吸的平均贡献率为-6%,降雨时平均贡献率为27%。结皮层对土壤呼吸的贡献率与土壤湿度、降雨量均呈显著正相关,而与土壤温度呈显著负相关,其中,降雨量对结皮层贡献率的解释率最高,表明黄土高原结皮对土壤呼吸的贡献主要受降雨量的影响。本研究结果可为准确评估气候变化背景下结皮对土壤呼吸的影响提供重要的基础数据支撑。

关键词: 生物结皮, 土壤呼吸, 贡献率, 降雨量, 土壤湿度, 土壤温度

Abstract: Biological soil crusts (or biocrusts) exert a critical influence on carbon cycling in arid and semi-arid ecosystems. However, the contribution of biocrusts to soil respiration and the mechanisms underlying their environmental responses remain unresolved, hindering accurate quantification of soil carbon efflux in drylands. In this study, we conducted continuous in-situ monitoring of respiration rates, soil temperature, soil moisture, and rainfall of mixed biocrust communities (biocrust-covered soils versus biocrust-removed bare soils) on the Loess Plateau to investigate the contribution of biocrusts to soil respiration and their responses to those three factors. The results showed that the range of soil respiration rates was 0.07 to 1.66 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 in biocrust-covered soils and was -0.09 to 1.59 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 in biocrust-removed bare soils, with the former being significantly greater than the latter. The respiratory effect of the biocrust layer (calculated as the difference in respiration rate between biocrust-covered soils and biocrust-removed bare soils) ranged from -0.33 to 0.93 μmol·m^-2·s^-1, with its relative contribution to total soil respiration varying from -31% to 213%. Rainfall modulated both the respiratory effect of biocrust layer and its contribution to soil respiration. The average contribution of biocrust to soil respiration was -6% under rainfall-free conditions and was 27% during rainfall periods. The relative contribution of the biocrust layer to soil respiration was significantly positively correlated with soil moisture and rainfall amount, but negatively correlated with soil temperature. Rainfall explained the largest proportion of variance in biocrust contribution, indicating that rainfall was the primary driver of biocrust effects on soil respiration on the Loess Plateau. These findings could provide critical baseline data to support accurate assessments of biocrust effects on soil respiration in the context of climate change.

Key words: biocrusts, soil respiration, contribution rate, precipitation, soil moisture, soil temperature

王彤宇, 周世艳, 张思敏, 于博洋, 赵长明, 管超. 黄土高原典型草原生物结皮对土壤呼吸的贡献及其对土壤温度和降雨的响应[J]. 应用生态学报, 2026, 37(8): 2578-2584.

WANG Tongyu, ZHOU Shiyan, ZHANG Simin, YU Boyang, ZHAO Changming, GUAN Chao. Contribution of biocrusts to soil respiration and its responses to soil temperature and rainfall in a typical steppe on the Loess Plateau, Northwest China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2026, 37(8): 2578-2584.

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黄土高原典型草原生物结皮对土壤呼吸的贡献及其对土壤温度和降雨的响应

Contribution of biocrusts to soil respiration and its responses to soil temperature and rainfall in a typical steppe on the Loess Plateau, Northwest China

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