晋西北风沙区生物结皮固氮酶活性及其微生物机制

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202510.020

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为阐明不同类型生物结皮固氮酶活性动态及其微生物机制,本研究以晋西北风沙区为研究区,比较不同发育阶段生物结皮(藻结皮、地衣结皮、藓结皮)固氮酶活性,并分析影响固氮酶活性的微生物学机制。结果表明:随生物结皮发育,生物结皮固氮酶活性均显著增加,藻结皮、地衣结皮和藓结皮固氮酶活性分别为1.45、1.89、2.21 μmol C₂H₄·g^-1·h^-1,土壤有机碳、全氮、硝态氮、速效磷、速效钾含量也显著增加,在藓结皮阶段达到峰值。念珠藻属和固氮螺菌属是该区生物结皮固氮群落的优势类群,全氮及年均降水量是影响固氮微生物群落组成的关键因子。生物因素方面,生物结皮固氮酶活性主要受红螺菌目和根瘤菌目的直接调控,其中红螺菌目呈正向影响,根瘤菌目呈负向影响;非生物因素方面,固氮酶活性主要受pH、全氮及年均降水量的间接调控。

关键词: 生物结皮, 固氮酶活性, nifH基因, 黄土风沙区

Abstract: To explore the dynamics of nitrogenase activity and their microbial mechanisms in different types of biological soil crusts (BSCs), we compared the nitrogenase activities of different BSCs stages (algal crusts, lichen crusts, and moss crusts) and explored the microbial mechanisms regulating nitrogenase activity in the aeolian sandy area of northwestern Shanxi Province. The results showed that nitrogenase activity significantly increased with BSCs development, with a rate of 1.45, 1.89, and 2.21 μmol C₂H₄·g^-1·h^-1 in algal crusts, lichen crusts, and moss crusts, respectively. The contents of total organic carbon, total nitrogen (TN), nitrate nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium exhibited significant increasing trends with BSCs development, reaching peak values at the moss crust stage. Nostoc and Azospirillum were the dominant genera in the diazotrophic communities of BSCs. TN and mean annual precipitation (MAP) were identified as the key factors influencing diazotrophic communities. In terms of biological factors, the nitrogenase activity in BSCs was mainly regulated by Rhodospirillales and Rhizobiales. Rhodospirillales exerted a positive effect, while Rhizobiales had a negative effect. Regarding abiotic factors, nitrogenase activity was primarily indirectly regulated by pH, TN and MAP.

Key words: biological soil crusts, nitrogenase activity, nifH gene, loess sandy region

陈根娟, 明姣, 李尚炫, 陈静, 张丙昌. 晋西北风沙区生物结皮固氮酶活性及其微生物机制[J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(10): 2956-2964.

CHEN Genjuan, MING Jiao, LI Shangxuan, CHEN Jing, ZHANG Bingchang. Nitrogenase activity and its microbial mechanisms in biological soil crusts of the wind-sandy region, northwestern area of Shanxi Province, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2025, 36(10): 2956-2964.

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