植被恢复对矿区土壤微生物群落结构影响的整合分析

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202404.030

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采矿对土壤生态系统造成严重破坏,针对废弃矿区进行植被恢复成为可持续发展的必然要求。土壤微生物作为土壤有机质最活跃的组成部分,是参与碳、氮、磷等元素转化的重要动力,常被用作表明生态脆弱区植被恢复程度的指标。但全球尺度上植被恢复对矿区土壤微生物群落结构的影响仍缺乏了解。本文基于44篇论文的310个成对观测值,采用整合分析的方法,分析植被恢复对矿区土壤微生物数量与生物量的影响。结果表明: 矿区植被恢复对土壤微生物生物量具有显著的促进作用,与裸地相比,植被恢复使矿区土壤微生物生物量碳显著提高95.1%,土壤微生物生物量氮显著提高87.8%,土壤细菌、真菌、放线菌数量分别显著提高1005.4%、472.4%和177.7%。各种植被恢复模式中,单独种植乔木的恢复模式对土壤微生物生物量和数量的促进效果最为明显,使土壤真菌与放线菌数量分别提升540.3%和104.5%,微生物生物量碳和氮分别提升110.3%和106.4%。模型选择的结果显示,饱和土壤含水量和植被恢复年限均对土壤细菌和真菌数量贡献最大,土壤有效氮对土壤放线菌数量和土壤微生物生物量碳影响最显著,土壤有效磷则是土壤微生物生物量氮的重要影响因子。研究结果有助于了解矿区植被恢复与土壤微生物群落结构的关系,为确定合适的矿区植被恢复模式提供科学支撑。

关键词: 矿区植被恢复, 植被类型, 土壤微生物生物量, 土壤性质

Abstract: Mining causes severe damage to soil ecosystems. Vegetation restoration in abandoned mine areas is an inevitable requirement for sustainable development. Soil microbes, as the most active component of soil organic matter, play a crucial role in the transformation of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and other elements. They are often used as indicators to assess the extent of vegetation restoration in ecologically fragile areas. However, the impacts of vegetation restoration on soil microbial community structure in mining areas at the global scale remains largely unknown. Based on 310 paired observations from 44 papers, we employed the meta-analysis approach to examine the influence of vegetation restoration on soil microbial abundance and biomass in mining area. The results indicated that vegetation restoration significantly promotes soil microbial biomass in mining areas. In comparison to bare soil, vegetation restoration leads to a significant 95.1% increase in soil microbial biomass carbon and a 87.8% increase in soil microbial biomass nitrogen. The abundance of soil bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes are significantly increased by 1005.4%, 472.4%, and 177.7%, respectively. Among various vegetation restoration types, the exclusive plan-ting of trees exhibits the most pronounced promotion effect on soil microbial biomass and population, which results in a significant increase of 540.3% in soil fungi and 104.5% in actinomycetes, along with a respective enhancement of 110.3% and 106.4% in microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen. Model selection results revealed that soil satura-ted water content and vegetation restoration history contribute most significantly to the abundance of soil bacteria and fungi. Soil available nitrogen has the most significant impact on the abundance of actinomycetes and microbial biomass carbon, while soil available phosphorus emerges as a crucial factor affecting microbial biomass nitrogen. This research could contribute to understanding the relationship between vegetation restoration and the structure of soil microbial communities in mining areas, and providing scientific support for determining appropriate vegetation restoration types in mining areas.

Key words: vegetation restoration in mining area, vegetation type, soil microbial biomass, soil properties

王译庆, 袁朝祥, 岳楷, 吴福忠, 袁吉, 赵泽敏, 彭艳. 植被恢复对矿区土壤微生物群落结构影响的整合分析[J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(4): 1141-1149.

WANG Yiqing, YUAN Chaoxiang, YUE Kai, WU Fuzhong, YUAN Ji, ZHAO Zemin, PENG Yan. Meta-analysis of plant restoration impacts on soil microbial community structure in mining areas[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2024, 35(4): 1141-1149.

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