外源脱落酸对不同耐旱性紫花苜蓿幼苗生理特性的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202605.006

应用生态学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (5): 1497-1505.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202605.006

外源脱落酸对不同耐旱性紫花苜蓿幼苗生理特性的影响

虎欣悦¹, 丁雪娇², 丁莉¹, 李芳¹, 田永丽³, 马巧利^1*

¹宁夏大学林业与草业学院, 银川 750021;
²中国农业大学草业科学与技术学院, 北京 100193;
³宁夏大学农学院, 银川 750021

收稿日期:2025-11-28 接受日期:2026-03-09 出版日期:2026-05-18 发布日期:2026-11-18
通讯作者: * E-mail: mql_2008@126.com
作者简介:虎欣悦, 女, 2002年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事牧草栽培与育种研究。E-mail: 2795435984@qq. com
基金资助:
宁夏回族自治区中央引导地方科技发展专项项目(2024FRD05055)、国家自然科学基金项目(32560906)、全职引进高层次人才项目(2024BEH04144)和宁夏大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(030900002575)

Effects of exogenous abscisic acid on physiological characteristics of Medicago sativa seedlings with different drought tolerance

HU Xinyue¹, DING Xuejiao², DING Li¹, LI Fang¹, TIAN Yongli³, MA Qiaoli^1*

¹College of Forestry and Grassland Industry, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China;
²College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
³College of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China

Received:2025-11-28 Accepted:2026-03-09 Online:2026-05-18 Published:2026-11-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为明确脱落酸(ABA)对紫花苜蓿干旱胁迫的缓解作用,以紫花苜蓿耐旱型品种Dryland和敏旱型品种WL354HQ为材料,设置喷水对照、喷施ABA处理、干旱处理和干旱+喷施ABA处理,研究外源ABA对紫花苜蓿不同耐旱性品种苗期生理特性的影响。结果表明:干旱胁迫显著抑制了幼苗生长,诱导了强烈的氧化应激和渗透调节响应,抑制了叶片光合作用。与干旱处理相比,干旱+ABA处理显著缓解了干旱对幼苗生长的抑制,其中耐旱和敏旱型品种的根长分别显著增加了34.6%和9.8%;有效减轻了植物细胞的膜脂过氧化程度,耐旱型品种叶片和根系中丙二醛含量分别显著降低20.0%和54.9%;有效抑制了脯氨酸过度积累,耐旱和敏旱型品种叶片、根系的脯氨酸含量分别显著降低19.8%和3.5%、64.0%和20.2%;耐旱型品种的光合稳定性优于敏旱型品种,其中,耐旱和敏旱型品种叶片的蒸腾速率分别显著降低62.5%和49.1%,净光合速率分别显著降低58.9%和32.7%。综上,ABA通过协同调控渗透调节与氧化防御系统缓解干旱胁迫,且对耐旱型品种的缓解效果更显著。

关键词: 脱落酸, 紫花苜蓿, 干旱胁迫, 生理特性, 光合特性

Abstract: To clarify the alleviative effect of exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) on Medicago sativa under drought stress, we conducted an experiment with the drought-tolerant cultivar Dryland and drought-sensitive cultivar WL354HQ. With four treatments including water spray control, exogenous ABA treatment, drought treatment, and drought + ABA treatment, we analyzed the effects of exogenous ABA on the physiological characteristics of M. sativa seedlings with different drought tolerance. The results showed that drought stress significantly inhibited seedling growth, induced severe oxidative stress and osmotic adjustment responses, and suppressed photosynthetic capacity. Compared with drought treatment, the drought + ABA treatment significantly alleviated the inhibition of drought on seedling growth. Specifically, root length of drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive cultivars increased significantly by 34.6% and 9.8%, respectively. Meanwhile, membrane lipid peroxidation in plant cells was effectively alleviated. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content in leaves and roots of the drought-tolerant cultivar significantly decreased by 20.0% and 54.9%, respectively. Excessive proline accumulation was inhibited. Proline content in leaves and roots decreased by 19.8% and 64.0% in the drought-tolerant cultivar, and by 3.5% and 20.2% in the drought-sensitive cultivar. The photosynthetic stability of the drought-tolerant cultivar was superior to that of the drought-sensitive cultivar. Specifically, leaf transpiration rate was significantly decreased by 62.5% and 49.1%, and net photosynthetic rate was significantly reduced by 58.9% and 32.7% in drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive cultivars, respecti-vely. In conclusion, ABA mitigated drought stress in M. sativa by coordinating osmotic adjustment and oxidative defense systems, and the alleviatory effect was stronger in the drought-tolerant cultivar.

Key words: abscisic acid, Medicago sativa, drought stress, physiological characteristics, photosynthetic trait

虎欣悦, 丁雪娇, 丁莉, 李芳, 田永丽, 马巧利. 外源脱落酸对不同耐旱性紫花苜蓿幼苗生理特性的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2026, 37(5): 1497-1505.

HU Xinyue, DING Xuejiao, DING Li, LI Fang, TIAN Yongli, MA Qiaoli. Effects of exogenous abscisic acid on physiological characteristics of Medicago sativa seedlings with different drought tolerance[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2026, 37(5): 1497-1505.

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外源脱落酸对不同耐旱性紫花苜蓿幼苗生理特性的影响

Effects of exogenous abscisic acid on physiological characteristics of Medicago sativa seedlings with different drought tolerance

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