海南文昌鸡若干种质特征和遗传多样性研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对产于热带亚热带的文昌鸡若干种质特性进行了测定,采用RAPD技术分析其遗传多样性,并与其它生态类型鸡种进行了比较研究.结果表明,文昌母鸡羽毛以棕褐色、黄褐色和黄麻色为主,占群体80.83%;公鸡以红色、背翼部夹杂黑羽为主,占群体71.96%.文昌鸡的胫色大多为黄色.文昌鸡的生长速度比其它生态类型鸡种较慢,40周龄公母鸡的体重、体斜长和胫长也较小,明显具有热带亚热带生态特征.文昌鸡性早熟,母鸡127d产蛋率5%,182d产蛋率50%,300d产蛋量73个,平均蛋重37.6±3.2g.对文昌鸡基因组DNA进行RAPD分析,鸡群个体或群体间平均相似系数为0.6071～0.9699,表明文昌鸡的同源性普遍高于内地其它鸡种,保持了品种的纯度.

关键词: 文昌鸡, 种质特性, RAPD, 遗传多样性, 种稻, 演变特征, 理化性质, 白浆土

Abstract: Some germplasm characteristics and genetic diversity of Wenchang fowl produced in tropical /subtropical Hainan were tested, and compared with different ecological types of other chickens.The results showed that the feather colors of Wenchang hens are brown, yellow-brown and yellow-spotted,accounted for 80.83%,while the cocks are mainly red, with some mixed black on their back (71.96%). The crura color of Wenchang fowl was mainly yellow. Its growing velocity was slower, with smaller body weights, body length and crura length at 40 weeks of age, and being obviously of tropical/subtropical ecological characteristics than those of other ecological types. Wenchang fowl was precocious. The egg production rate of the hen at 127d and 182d was 5% and 50%,respectively, with an average egg weight of 37.6±3.2g .The egg production of hen in300d was 73. By DNA-RAPDanalysis, the average similarity index of individuals or populations was 0.6071～0.9699 for Wenchang fowl breeds. Thus, Wenchang fowl had a higher homology than other breeds,kept the breed to be pure.

Key words: Wenchang fowl, Germplasm characteristics, RAPD, Genetic diversity, albic soil, physical and chemical properties, evolution characteristics., rice growing

中图分类号:

S831.2

耿照玉, 张云芳. 海南文昌鸡若干种质特征和遗传多样性研究[J]. 应用生态学报, 2003, (4): 562-564.

GENG Zhaoyu, ZHANG Yunfang. Germplasm characteristics and genetic diversity of Wenchang fowl[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2003, (4): 562-564.

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