放牧、刈割及摘顶对亚热带人工草地牧草种群的影响

应用生态学报 ›› 2003, Vol. ›› Issue (8): 1327-1331.

放牧、刈割及摘顶对亚热带人工草地牧草种群的影响

包国章¹, 陆光华², 郭继勋³, 鲍健寅⁴

1. 吉林大学环境与资源学院, 长春 130023;
2. 河海大学水文水资源及环境学院, 南京 210098;
3. 东北师范大学国家草地生态工程实验室, 长春 130024;
4. 湖北省农业科学院, 武汉 40034

收稿日期:2000-08-14 修回日期:2000-11-29
通讯作者: 包国章,男,1968年生,博士,副教授,主要从事牧草种群生态学研究,已发表论文20余篇.E-mail:Baoguozhang@163.com.
基金资助:
国家“九五”科学技术攻关资助项目(960160202)

Effects of grazing, cutting and decapitating on grass populations on the artificial grassland in subtropical zone of China

BAO Guozhang¹, LU Guanghua², GUO Jixun³, BAO Jianyin ⁴

1. College of Environment and Resources Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China;
2. College of Water Resources and Environment, Hehai University, Nanjing 210098, China;
3. National Laboratory of Grassland Ecological Engineering, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China;
4. Institute of Agricultural Science of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430064, China

Received:2000-08-14 Revised:2000-11-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过比较放牧、刈割及摘顶3种干扰发现,适度放牧、刈割提高了亚热带高山人工草地鸭茅、黑麦草种群的适应性,部分原因在于2种干扰均对牧草进行了摘顶.摘顶解除了牧草的顶端优势及生殖生长,放牧、刈割对牧草产生的生态影响在某种程度上可通过摘顶而实现,从而提高种群密度、热值及能量积累.单因子的人工摘顶试验表明,牧草顶端优势的维持降低了牧草种群密度,抑制了能量积累,从抑制了种间竞争.持续摘顶解除了牧草的顶端优势,促进了牧草密度及能量的增长,从而提高了牧草种群的竞争力.

关键词: 摘顶, 放牧, 刈割, 人工草地, 适应性

Abstract: Studies on the effects of grazing, cutting and decapitating on grass populations on the artificial grassland in the subtropical zone of China showed that moderate grazing and cutting could increase the adaptability of Dactylis glomerata and Lolium prenn due to decapitating. Decapitating could rescind the apical dominance and reproduction growth of grass, and hence,the ecological effects of grazing and cutting on grass could be realized by decapitating, and the population density, caloric value and energy accumulation of Dactylis glomerata and Lolium prenn increased obviously. Apical dominance of grasses could lower the population density, energy accumulation and intra population competitive ability.

Key words: Decapitating, Grazing, Cutting, Artificial grassland, Adaptability

中图分类号:

Q142
S812

包国章, 陆光华, 郭继勋, 鲍健寅. 放牧、刈割及摘顶对亚热带人工草地牧草种群的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2003, (8): 1327-1331.

BAO Guozhang, LU Guanghua, GUO Jixun, BAO Jianyin . Effects of grazing, cutting and decapitating on grass populations on the artificial grassland in subtropical zone of China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2003, (8): 1327-1331.

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