Effects of water-fertilizer integration on water use and photosynthetic characteristics of winter wheat

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201904.010

Abstract

Abstract: In two growing seasons of wheat (2016-2018), a field trial with Jimai 22 as test mate-rial was conducted in Shijiawangzi Village, Yanzhou City, Shandong Province. Under three nitrogen levels of 150 (N₁), 180 (N₂) and 210 (N₃) kg·hm^-2, two irrigation-fertilization methods were designed at jointing as border irrigation and broadcasting of fertilizer (W₁), micro spraying irrigation and water-fertilizer integration (W₂), to examine the effects of irrigation-fertilization methods on water use, photosynthetic characteristics, and dry matter accumulation and transport of wheat. The results showed that under the same nitrogen level, seven days average soil evaporation of W₂ treatment in filling period was significantly lower than that of W₁ treatment, and that soil water consumption in the 60-160 cm soil layer was significantly higher than that in W₁treatment. The flag leaf net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of W₂ treatment were signi-ficantly higher than W₁ treatment from 14 to 28 days after anthesis. The amount of dry matter in anthesis and maturity stage and the allocation to grain of post-anthesis assimilates of W₂ treatment were significantly higher than those in W₁ treatment. There was no difference in total water consumption between W₂ and W₁ treatments. Grain yield, water use efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency of W₂ treatment were significantly higher than W₁ treatment. The highest grain yield, water use efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency were obtained at the nitrogen level of 210 kg·hm^-2. By comprehensive considerations, under the same nitrogen level, treatment of micro spraying irrigation and water-fertilizer integration was better than border irrigation and broadcasting of fertilizer. The W₂N₃ treatment under the nitrogen level of 210 kg·hm^-2 and with the application of micro spraying irrigation and water-fertilizer integration at jointing was the optimal treatment to save water and fertilizer.

Key words: water use, water-fertilizer integration, photosynthetic characteristics, grain yield, wheat

GUO Pei-wu, ZHAO Jun-ye, SHI Yu, YU Zhen-wen. Effects of water-fertilizer integration on water use and photosynthetic characteristics of winter wheat[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2019, 30(4): 1170-1178.

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