三星堆遗址城墙不同维护措施下草本植物群落组成、生态位及稳定性特征

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202311.007

应用生态学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (11): 2938-2946.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202311.007

三星堆遗址城墙不同维护措施下草本植物群落组成、生态位及稳定性特征

钟欣艺¹, 赵凡², 姚雪³, 吴雨茹¹, 许银¹, 鱼舜尧¹, 林静芸¹, 郝建锋^1,4*

¹四川农业大学林学院, 成都 611130;
²四川省文物考古研究院, 成都 610041;
³西南民族大学旅游与历史文化学院, 成都 610041;
⁴四川农业大学水土保持与荒漠化防治重点实验室, 成都 611130

收稿日期:2023-04-03 修回日期:2023-09-14 出版日期:2023-11-15 发布日期:2024-05-15
通讯作者: *E-mail: haojf2005@aliyun.com
作者简介:钟欣艺, 女, 2001年生, 本科生。主要从事森林生态学研究。E-mail: zxy13110606768@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(31370628)、三星堆遗址植被调查项目(003-2222339006)、四川省科技计划项目(2023YFS0463)和教育部人文社会科学研究项目(22YJCZH219)

Characteristics of herbaceous plant community composition, niche and stability under different main-tenance measures at Sanxingdui City Wall, Sichuan, China.

ZHONG Xinyi¹, ZHAO Fan², YAO Xue³, WU Yuru¹, XU Yin¹, YU Shunyao¹, LIN Jingyun¹, HAO Jianfeng^1,4*

¹College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
²Cultural Relics and Archaeology Institute of Sichuan, Chengdu 610041, China;
³Department of Tourism and History Cultural, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China;
⁴Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Control, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China

Received:2023-04-03 Revised:2023-09-14 Online:2023-11-15 Published:2024-05-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了解三星堆遗址城墙植被分布特征和恢复现状,以三星堆遗址城墙5种典型群落为研究对象,采用生态位理论与改进的贡献定律法探讨不同维护措施(自然更新、种植、弃耕、灌木去除、修剪)下草本植物群落的稳定性及生态位特征。结果表明: 研究区共记录草本植物87种,隶属于31科73属,以菊科及禾本科植物占优,多年生草本植物居多。不同维护措施下主要草本植物生态位宽度存在差异,自然更新和灌木去除措施下一年生草本植物生态位宽度值较高,种植、弃耕和修剪措施下多年生草本植物生态位宽度值较高。自然更新、灌木去除、修剪措施下草本植物的生态位重叠和相似性较高,种植措施下最小。重要值与生态位宽度呈显著正相关但排序并非完全一致;生态位宽度较大的物种产生生态位重叠的概率较大,生态位相似性较高。M-Godron稳定性结果表明,灌木去除和修剪措施与自然更新下群落稳定性相似,弃耕和种植措施下群落稳定性较差。综上,结合遗址城墙的植被特点和保护要求,建议实行以自然更新为主的原生境保护措施,必要时辅以科学的人工维护(灌木去除、修剪等),实现物种的合理配置,促进三星堆遗址城墙植被的可持续发展和原生态展现。

关键词: 三星堆遗址城墙, 原生境保护, 群落稳定性, 生态位, 人工维护, 草本植物群落

Abstract: To understand the distribution characteristics and restoration status of vegetation at Sanxingdui City Wall, we sampled five typical communities of the city wall at the Sanxingdui site and explored the stability and niche characteristics of herbaceous plant communities under different maintenance measures (natural regeneration, planting, abandoned field, shrub removal, and pruning) following the niche theory and the improved contribution law method. A total of 87 herbaceous species belonging to 73 genera and 31 families were recorded. Compositae and Gramineae were dominant, and perennial herbs were the majority. There were differences in the niche breadth of major herbaceous species under different maintenance measures. The niche breadth of annual plants was higher under natural regeneration and shrub removal, and that of perennial plants was higher under planting, abandoned field, and pruning measures. The niche overlap and similarity of herbaceous plants were higher under natural regene-ration, shrub removal and pruning measures, and were the lowest under planting measure. The importance values were positively correlated with the niche breadth, but the ranking was not completely consistent. Species with higher niche breadth usually had higher probability of niche overlap and higher niche similarity. Combined with the M-Godron’s stability analysis, community stability was comparable among shrub removal, pruning, and natural regeneration measures whereas the abandoned field and planting showed lower community stability. We recommended the implementation of in situ conservation measures based on natural regeneration, supplemented by scientific artificial maintenance (shrub removal, pruning, etc.) when necessary, so as to achieve a stable species composition and promote the sustainable development and vegetation landscape restoration at Sanxingdui City Wall.

Key words: Sanxingdui City Wall, in situ conservation, community stability, niche, manual maintenance, herbaceous plant community

钟欣艺, 赵凡, 姚雪, 吴雨茹, 许银, 鱼舜尧, 林静芸, 郝建锋. 三星堆遗址城墙不同维护措施下草本植物群落组成、生态位及稳定性特征[J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(11): 2938-2946.

ZHONG Xinyi, ZHAO Fan, YAO Xue, WU Yuru, XU Yin, YU Shunyao, LIN Jingyun, HAO Jianfeng. Characteristics of herbaceous plant community composition, niche and stability under different main-tenance measures at Sanxingdui City Wall, Sichuan, China.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2023, 34(11): 2938-2946.

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三星堆遗址城墙不同维护措施下草本植物群落组成、生态位及稳定性特征

Characteristics of herbaceous plant community composition, niche and stability under different main-tenance measures at Sanxingdui City Wall, Sichuan, China.

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