棉花纤维品质与气象因子的定量分析

应用生态学报 ›› 2005, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (11): 2102-2107.

棉花纤维品质与气象因子的定量分析

马富裕^1,2, 曹卫星¹, 李少昆³, 朱艳¹, 周治国¹, 郑重², 杨建荣²

1. 南京农业大学江苏省信息农业高技术研究重点实验室, 南京 210095;
2. 石河子大学新疆兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室, 石河子 832003;
3. 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所, 北京 100081

收稿日期:2004-12-06 修回日期:2005-04-13 出版日期:2005-11-15 发布日期:2005-11-15
通讯作者: 曹卫星
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(30030090,30170545,30160021)、国家"863"计划资助项目(2003AA209030).

Quantitative analysis on the relationships between cotton fiber quality and meteorological factors

MA Fuyu^1,2, CAO Weixing¹, LI Shaokun³, ZHU Yan¹, ZHOU Zhiguo¹, ZHENG Zhong², YANG Jianrong ²

1. High-Technology Key Laboratory of Information Agriculture of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology Agriculture of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China;
3. Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100081, China

Received:2004-12-06 Revised:2005-04-13 Online:2005-11-15 Published:2005-11-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 2002～2003年在南京、安阳、保定和石河子4地用"异地分期种植比较法"研究了气温及日照条件与棉花纤维品质的关系.结果表明,随纬度升高,由中熟棉区向北疆早熟棉区推移过程中,纤维加长,比强度下降,麦克隆值降低,可溶性糖含量增加.在建立棉花纤维比强度、麦克隆值和可溶性糖含量与温度和日照时数的生态模型的基础上,确定了棉铃发育期适宜温度范围或临界值.若以获得长度≥27 mm的优质纤维为先决条件,则分别以铃期日均温21.3～29.7℃、最低气温10.7～21.3℃、最大日温差不超过15.2℃为宜,日均温为25.4℃时,纤维最长;若以获得具有国际竞争优势的最低纤维长度(≥25 mm)为先决条件,则分别以铃期日均温不低于15.5℃、最低气温不低于10.7℃、最大日温差不超过17.9℃为宜.

关键词: 棉花, 纤维品质, 生态因子, 定量关系

Abstract: With the method of planting cotton by stages at the sites from Yangtze valley to north Xinjiang,this paper studied the effects of air temperature and sunlight on cotton fiber quality in 2002～2003.The results showed that with increasing latitude,fiber length increased,while micronaire value and soluble sugar content(SSC) decreased.An ecological model describing the relationships of fiber strength,micronaire value and SSC with air temperature and sunlight was built to determine the optimal range and critical value of air temperature during boll development period.If a high quality fiber(length≥27 mm) was targeted,the daily mean temperature(DMT) and minimum temperature(Tmin) during this period should be 21.3～29.7 and 10.7～21.3 ℃,respectively,and the daily temperature difference(DTD) should not be >15.2 ℃.Fiber length was the longest when the DMT was 25.4 ℃.If the lowest fiber length was ≥25 mm,DMT and Tmin should not be lower than 15.5 and 10.7 ℃,respectively,and DTD should not be over 17.9 ℃ during boll development period.

Key words: Cotton, Fiber quality, Eco-factor, Quantitative relationship

中图分类号:

S512.1

马富裕, 曹卫星, 李少昆, 朱艳, 周治国, 郑重, 杨建荣. 棉花纤维品质与气象因子的定量分析[J]. 应用生态学报, 2005, 16(11): 2102-2107.

MA Fuyu, CAO Weixing, LI Shaokun, ZHU Yan, ZHOU Zhiguo, ZHENG Zhong, YANG Jianrong . Quantitative analysis on the relationships between cotton fiber quality and meteorological factors[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2005, 16(11): 2102-2107.

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