植物群落和土壤理化性质对碧塔海湿地土壤细菌群落的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202106.039

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 土壤微生物是湿地生态系统中土壤-植物系统生源要素迁移转化的引擎。探究湿地生态系统地上植物群落、土壤理化性质和空间结构与土壤细菌间的相互关系是维护湿地生态系统健康和稳定的关键。本研究运用双向指示种分析法(TWINSPAN)对碧塔海湿地采集的35个样方中的植物群落进行分类,并采用高通量测序技术对样方的表层土壤细菌进行测序,分析植物群落、土壤理化性质和空间结构与细菌群落间的关系。结果表明: 双向指示种分析将样方的植物群落划分为3种群落类型,相同类型的植物群落在外貌和结构上相似,说明基于双向指示种分析的数量分类方法在高原湿地生态系统植物群落分类中有较好的适用性;细菌相对丰度统计结果表明,酸杆菌门(21.0%)、绿弯菌门(15.5%)、变形菌门(15.3%)和拟杆菌门 (10.1%)是碧塔海湿地总丰度高于10%的门类,相似性分析(ANOSIM)显示,不同植物群落类型对应的土壤细菌群落存在显著差异,说明植物群落对土壤细菌组成有一定的影响;典范对应分析(CCA)结果显示,植物群落的多样性、含水率、pH、铁和空间结构是影响土壤细菌群落的重要因素。方差分解结果显示,细菌群落既受单一环境变量的影响,也受环境变量间复合作用的影响。综上,地上植物群落、土壤理化环境和空间结构共同塑造细菌群落,地上植物群落-细菌-土壤理化性质是不可分割的整体。

关键词: 土壤细菌, 植物群落, 高通量测序, 物种多样性

Abstract: Soil microorganism was the engine of the migration and transformation of biological elements in the soil-plant system of wetland ecosystems. Exploring the relationship between plant community, soil properties, and spatial structure with soil microorganisms is the key to maintain the health and stability of wetlands. In order to examine the effects of plant community, soil properties, and spatial structure on the bacterial community in wetlands, we used two-way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN) to classify plant communities from 35 samples collected in Bitahai Wetland. We measured microbial community composition at the surface soil of the samples using high-throughput sequencing technology, and analyzed the relationship among plant community, soil pro-perties and spatial structure with bacterial community. The results showed that plant communities could classified into three different types by TWINSPAN. The physiognomy and structure of plant communities in same community type were relatively consistent. We found that quantitative classification had good applicability in vegetation classification of plateau wetland ecosystem. Acidobacteriota (21.0%), Chloroflexi (15.5%), Proteobacteria (15.3%) and Bacteroidetes (10.1%) had higher population densities (≥10%) in Bitahai Wetland. Analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) showed that different plant community types differed significantly in bacterial community composition, suggesting that plant communities could affect bacterial community. Cano-nical correspondence analysis (CCA) results showed that plant diversity, soil water content (SWC), pH, iron (Fe) and spatial structure were the dominated factors that significantly affecting bacterial community. The variance partitioning analysis (VPA) results showed that bacterial community was affected by single environment factors and their interactions. Our results highlighted that bacterial community is shaped by plant community, soil properties and spatial structure, with their effects being indivisible.

Key words: bacterial community, plant community, high-throughput sequencing technology, biodiversity

张仲富, 喻庆国, 王行, 刘会会, 赵亚川, 谢雪杨, 张萌, 耿玮. 植物群落和土壤理化性质对碧塔海湿地土壤细菌群落的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(6): 2199-2208.

ZHANG Zhong-fu, YU Qing-guo, WANG Hang, LIU Hui-hui, ZHAO Ya-chuan, XIE Xue-yang, ZHANG Meng, GENG Wei. Effects of plant community and soil properties on soil bacterial community in Bitahai Wetland, Southwest China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2021, 32(6): 2199-2208.

参考文献

[1] 沈仁芳, 赵学强. 土壤微生物在植物获得养分中的作用. 生态学报, 2015, 35(20): 6584-6591 [Shen R-F, Zhao X-Q. Role of soil microbes in the acquisition of nutrients by plants. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2015, 35(20): 6584-6591]
[2] Duveiller G, Hooker J, Cescatti A. The mark of vegetation change on Earth's surface energy balance. Nature Communications, 2018, 9: 679
[3] Ji J, Kakade A, Yu ZS, et al. Anaerobic membrane bioreactors for treatment of emerging contaminants: A review. Journal of Environmental Management, 2020, 270: 110913
[4] Zhu HH, He XY, Wang KL, et al. Interactions of vegetation succession, soil bio-chemical properties and microbial communities in a Karst ecosystem. European Journal of Soil Biology, 2012, 51: 1-7
[5] 贺纪正, 陆雅海, 傅伯杰, 等. 土壤生物学前沿. 北京: 科学出版社, 2015: 5-24 [He J-Z, Lu Y-M, Fu B-J, et al. The Frontier of Soil Biology. Beijing: Science Press, 2015: 5-24]
[6] 韩小美, 黄则月, 程飞, 等. 望天树人工林根际土壤理化性质及微生物群落特征. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(10): 3365-3375 [Han X-M, Huang Z-Y, Cheng F, et al. Physiochemical properties and microbial community characteristics of rhizosphere soil in Parashorea chinensis plantation. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020, 31(10): 3365-3375]
[7] 黄峰, 王玮韧, 饶鑫, 等. 热带珊瑚岛植物种植对土壤改良及其微生物群落形成的影响. 生态学报, 2019, 39(17): 6227-6237 [Huang F, Wang W-R, Rao X, et al. Soil improvements and microbial community development following establishment of plant communities in a tropical coral island. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2019, 39(17): 6227-6237]
[8] Schlatter DC, Bakker MG, Bradeen JM, et al. Plant community richness and microbial interactions structure bacterial communities in soil. Ecology, 2015, 96: 134-142
[9] Liu YL, Ge TD, Ye J, et al. Initial utilization of rhizodeposits with rice growth in paddy soils: Rhizosphere and N fertilization effects. Geoderma, 2019, 338: 30-39
[10] 章光新. 水文情势与盐分变化对湿地植被的影响研究综述. 生态学报, 2012, 32(13): 4254-4260 [Zhang G-X. The effects of changes in hydrological regimes and salinity on wetland vegetation: A review. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2012, 32(13): 4254-4260]
[11] 赖江山, 米湘成, 任海保, 等. 基于多元回归树的常绿阔叶林群丛数量分类——以古田山24公顷森林样地为例. 植物生态学报, 2010, 34(7):761-769 [Lai J-S, Mi X-C, Ren H-B, et al. Numerical classification of associations in subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest based on multivariate regression trees: A case study of 24 hm² Gutianshan forest plot in China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2010, 34(7): 761-769]
[12] 云南植被编写组. 云南植被. 北京: 科学出版社, 1987: 591-699 [ Editorial Committee of the Vegetation of Yunnan. The Vegetation of Yunnan. Beijing: Science Press, 1987: 591-699]
[13] 尹五元. 碧塔海自然保护区湿地植被研究. 西南林学院学报, 2002, 22(3): 16-19 [Yin W-Y. A study on the wetland vegetation of the Bitahai Nature Reserve. Journal of Southwest Forestry College, 2002, 22(3):16-19]
[14] Zhang YG, Liu X, Cong J, et al. The microbially-media-ted soil organic carbon loss under degenerative succession in an alpine meadow. Molecular Ecology, 2017, 26: 3676-3686
[15] 陆健健, 何文珊, 童春富, 等. 湿地生态学. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2006: 25-53 [Lu J-J, He W-S, Tong F-C, et al. Wetland Ecology. Beijing: Chinese High Education Press, 2006: 25-53]
[16] Tian JQ, Shu C, Chen HA, et al. Response of archaeal communities to water regimes under simulated warming and drought conditions in Tibetan Plateau wetlands. Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2015, 15: 179-188
[17] Balasooriya WK, Denef K, Peters J, et al. Vegetation composition and soil microbial community structural changes along a wetland hydrological gradient. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 2007, 12: 277-291
[18] 康鹏亮, 黄廷林, 张海涵, 等. 西安市典型景观水体水质及反硝化细菌种群结构. 环境科学, 2017, 38(12): 5174-5183 [Kang P-L, Huang T-L, Zhang H-H, et al. Water quality and diversity of denitrifier community structure of typical scenic water bodies in Xi'an. Environmental Science, 2017, 38(12): 5174-5183]
[19] 孙翼飞, 沈菊培, 张翠景, 等. 模拟水位下降与刈割对高寒湿地土壤氨氧化与反硝化微生物的影响. 农业环境科学学报, 2017, 36(11): 2356-2364 [Sun Y-F, Shen J-P, Zhang C-J, et al. Effects of water table lowering and mowing on soil ammonia oxidizers and denitrifiers in alpine wetlands. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2017, 36(11): 2356-2364]
[20] 邓娇娇, 朱文旭, 周永斌, 等. 不同土地利用模式对辽东山区土壤微生物群落多样性的影响. 应用生态学报, 2018, 29(7): 2269-2276 [Deng J-J, Zhu W-X, Zhou Y-B, et al. Effects of different land use patterns on the soil microbial community diversity in montane region of eastern Liaoning Province, China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2018, 29(7): 2269-2276]
[21] Gantar M, Kerby NW, Rowell P, et al. Colonization of wheat (Triticum vulgare L.) by N₂-fixing cyanobacteria: I. A survey of soil cyanobacterial isolates forming associa-tions with roots. New Phytologist, 1991, 118: 477-483
[22] Goldberg SD, Knorr KH, Blodau C, et al. Impact of altering the water table height of an acidic fen on N₂O and NO fluxes and soil concentrations. Global Change Biology, 2010, 16: 220-233
[23] Pankratov TA, Ivanova AO, Dedysh SN, et al. Bacterial populations and environmental factors controlling cellulose degradation in an acidic Sphagnum peat. Environmental Microbiology, 2011, 13: 1800-1814
[24] Kanokratana P, Uengwetwanit T, Rattanachomsri U, et al. Insights into the phylogeny and metabolic potential of a primary tropical peat swamp forest microbial community by metagenomic analysis. Microbial Ecology, 2011, 61: 518-528
[25] 刘若萱, 贺纪正, 张丽梅. 稻田土壤不同水分条件下硝化/反硝化作用及其功能微生物的变化特征. 环境科学, 2014, 35(11): 4275-4283 [Liu R-X, He J-Z, Zhang L-M, et al. Response of nitrification/denitrification and their associated microbes to soil moisture change in paddy soil. Environmental Science, 2014, 35(11): 4275-4283]
[26] Koyama A, Steinweg JM, Haddix ML, et al. Soil bacterial community responses to altered precipitation and temperature regimes in an old field grassland are mediated by plants. FEMS Microbiology Ecology, 2018, 94: fix156
[27] 牟凌, 吴宏蕾, 顾国军, 等. 云南岩溶断陷盆地4种植被类型土壤微生物和酶活性特征. 应用与环境生物学报, 2020, 26(5): 1081-1086 [Mou L, Wu H-L, Gu G-J, et al. Soil microbes and enzyme activities in four vegetation types in Yunnan karst faulted basin. Chinese Journal of Applied & Environmental Biology, 2020, 26(5): 1081-1086]
[28] Bernard J, Wall CB, Costantini MS, et al. Plant part and a steep environmental gradient predict plant microbial composition in a tropical watershed. ISME Journal, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-020-00826-5
[29] Schlatter DC, Bakker MG, Bradeen JM, et al. Plant community richness and microbial interactions structure bacterial communities in soil. Ecology, 2015, 96: 134-142
[30] Sasse J, Martinoia E, Northen T. Feed your friends: Do plant exudates shape the root microbiome? Trends in Plant Science, 2018, 23: 25-41
[31] Wang J, Liu LL, Wang X, et al. The interaction between abiotic photodegradation and microbial decomposition under ultraviolet radiation. Global Change Biology, 2015, 21: 2095-2104
[32] König R, Hepp UL, Santos S. Colonisation of low- and high-quality detritus by benthic macroinvertebrates during leaf breakdown in a subtropical stream. Limnologica, 2014, 45: 61-68
[33] Falkowski PG, Fenchel T, Delong EF. The microbial engines that drive earth's biogeochemical cycles. Science, 2008, 320: 1034-1039
[34] Liang YM, Pan FJ, He XY, et al. Effect of vegetation types on soil arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and nitrogen-fixing bacterial communities in a karst region. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2016, 23: 18482-18491
[35] Liu L, Zhu K, Wurzburger N, et al. Relationships between plant diversity and soil microbial diversity vary across taxonomic groups and spatial scales. Ecosphere, 2020, 11: e02999
[36] Steinauer K, Tilman D, Wragg PD, et al. Plant diversity effects on soil microbial functions and enzymes are stronger than warming in a grassland experiment. Ecology, 2015, 96: 99-112
[37] Zhang YM, Wu G, Jiang HC, et al. Abundant and rare microbial biospheres respond differently to environmental and spatial factors in Tibetan hot springs. Frontiers in Microbiology, 2018, 9: 2096
[38] Marusenko Y, Bates ST, Anderson I, et al. Ammonia-oxidizing archaea and bacteria are structured by geography in biological soil crusts across North American arid lands. Ecological Processes, 2013, 2: 9
[39] 肖玉娜, 钟信林, 王北辰, 等. 通辽科尔沁地区土壤微生物群落结构和功能及其影响因素. 地球科学, 2020, 45(3): 1071-1081 [Xiao Y-N, Zhong X-L, Wang B-C, et al. Microbial community structure and function and their influencing factors in the soil of Horqin Area of Tongliao City, Inner Mongolia. Earth Science, 2020, 45(3): 1071-1081]