蒙古栎次生林的生长更新与林下植被多样性对林分密度的响应

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202203.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以辽宁省抚顺市清源县蒙古栎天然次生林为对象,在2018年对6块面积为0.1 hm²的蒙古栎样地进行疏伐,并于2020年调查样地内植被的生长情况,研究疏伐后形成的600(低密度)、720(中密度)、900株·hm^-2(高密度)3种密度对林木生长、林下实生苗更新与林下植被多样性的影响。结果表明: 由于疏伐后间隔年份较短,不同密度下树高、胸径无显著差异。但低密度下林冠对称指数显著高于高密度,表明树冠生长对于林分密度的响应比树干生长更迅速。中密度下实生更新苗数量最多,且相同苗高的实生苗地径显著高于其他两个密度,中密度下实生苗更新与幼苗生长都好于高、低密度。林中共有植物70种,隶属于41科67属,其中木本植物蒙古栎、胡枝子与草本植物山罗花、三叶委陵菜占优势地位。灌木层与草本层的优势度指数、均匀度指数和多样性指数在中密度下表现最佳,表明该立地条件下林分密度保持在720株·hm^-2时更有助于辽东山区蒙古栎次生林的可持续发展。

关键词: 林分密度, 蒙古栎, 天然更新, 物种多样性

Abstract: Six Quercus mongolica plots with an area of 0.1 hm² were thinned in 2018. A field survey was carried out in 2020 to examine the effects of different stand densities (high: 900 trees·hm^-2; medium: 720 trees·hm^-2; low: 600 trees·hm^-2) on growth and regeneration of stands and understory species diversity of secondary Q. mongolica forests in Qingyuan, Liaoning Province. Due to the short interval after thinning, there was no significant difference in tree height and diameter at breast height under different densities. However, the crown symmetry index under low stand density was significantly higher than that of high stand density, indicating that crown growth was more sensitive to stand density than trunk growth. The abundance of seedlings was the highest in the medium density, and the basal diameter of the seedlings with the same height was significantly higher, and the seedling regeneration and growth at the medium density were much better than the other two densities. A total of 70 species were recorded, belonging to 41 families and 67 genera. Quercus mongolica, Lespedeza bicolor, Melampyrum roseum, and Potentilla freyniana were the dominant species of trees and herbs, respectively. Simpson index, Pielou index and Shannon index of shrub layer and herb layer were the highest at the medium density. It indicated that the stand density of 720 trees·hm^-2 could help maintain the sustainable development of Q. mongolica secondary forest in the mountainous area of eastern Liaoning.

Key words: stand density, Quercus mongolica, natural regeneration, species diversity

胡延辰, 张晓林, 韩晓义, 万小亮, 梁泰铭, 陆秀君. 蒙古栎次生林的生长更新与林下植被多样性对林分密度的响应[J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(3): 727-732.

HU Yan-chen, ZHANG Xiao-lin, HAN Xiao-yi, WAN Xiao-liang, LIANG Tai-ming, LU Xiu-jun. Responses of stand growth, regeneration, and understory species diversity in Quercus mongolica secondary forest to stand density.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2022, 33(3): 727-732.

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