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应用生态学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (8): 2251-2259.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202208.027

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

赣南九曲水流域基流变化特征及其对降水的响应

李俊1,2, 盛菲1,2, 刘士余1,2*, 张婷1,2, 余敏琪1,2   

  1. 1江西农业大学国土资源与环境学院, 南昌 330045;
    2江西省鄱阳湖流域农业资源与生态重点实验室, 南昌 330045
  • 收稿日期:2021-11-12 接受日期:2022-05-31 出版日期:2022-08-15 发布日期:2023-02-15
  • 通讯作者: * E-mail: 397013250@qq.com
  • 作者简介:李 俊, 男, 1995年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事水土保持与森林水文研究。E-mail: 974253781@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31960331)资助。

Baseflow variation and its response to precipitation in Jiuqushui watershed, Southern Jiangxi Province, China

LI Jun1,2, SHENG Fei1,2, LIU Shi-yu1,2*, ZHANG Ting1,2, YU Min-qi1,2   

  1. 1College of Land Resources and Environment, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China;
    2Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Watershed Agricultural Resources and Ecology of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330045, China
  • Received:2021-11-12 Accepted:2022-05-31 Online:2022-08-15 Published:2023-02-15

摘要: 基流是水资源重要组成部分,探究流域基流变化特征及其对降水的响应,对优化流域水资源配置具有重要意义。本研究基于赣南九曲水流域1982—2019年逐日降水、径流观测资料,运用数字滤波法、交叉小波变换及累积量斜率变化率比较法等,分析了基流变化特征,探讨了基流对降水的时滞效应,并计算了降水对基流变化的贡献率。结果表明: 研究期间,九曲水流域年基流深和年基流指数变化趋势均不显著,年均值分别为384.21 mm和0.44;春、夏季基流深大于秋、冬季,基流指数则与之相反。年降水量控制着年基流深的动态变化,春、夏季降水对基流深的作用强于秋、冬季;年及春、夏、秋、冬季基流滞后降水的时长分别为3.5~10.3、1.5~8.5、2~10、2~13和5~20.5 d,年均滞后时长依次为6.4、4.9、5.3、6.8和10.8 d。年基流深在1992年发生突变,降水对基流变化的贡献率为68.2%,其他因素对基流变化的贡献率为31.8%。本研究成果可为南方红壤区评价流域的森林水文效应、保障河流的水生态安全提供科学依据。

关键词: 九曲水流域, 基流, 降水, 时滞效应, 贡献率

Abstract: Baseflow is an important part of water resources. Exploring the characteristics of baseflow and its response to precipitation is of great significance to optimize the partition of water resources. Based on the data of daily precipitation and runoff from 1982 to 2019 in Jiuqushui watershed, we analyzed the characteristics of baseflow change, investigated the time lag effect of baseflow on precipitation, and calculated the contribution rate of precipitation to baseflow change by using digital filtering method, cross wavelet transform method, and slope change ratio of accumulative quantity method. The results showed that during the study period, the variation trend of annual baseflow depth and annual baseflow index was not significant, with annual average values of 384.21 mm and 0.44, respectively. The depth of baseflow in spring and summer was greater than that in autumn and winter, while the baseflow index showed an opposite pattern. Annual precipitation affected the dynamic change of annual baseflow depth, with the effects in spring and summer being stronger than that in autumn and winter. The lag time of baseflow in spring, summer, autumn and winter were 3.5-10.3, 1.5-8.5, 2-10, 2-13 and 5-20.5 days, while the average annual lag time was 6.4, 4.9, 5.3, 6.8 and 10.8 days, respectively. The annual baseflow depth changed abruptly in 1992. The contribution rate of precipitation to baseflow change was 68.2%, and that of other factors was 31.8%. The results could provide scientific basis for evaluating the hydrological effects of forests and ensuring water ecological security of rivers in the red soil region of southern China.

Key words: Jiuqushui watershed, baseflow, precipitation, time lag effect, contribution rate