不同磷水平配施生物炭对土壤磷有效性

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202207.018

应用生态学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (7): 1911-1918.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202207.018

不同磷水平配施生物炭对土壤磷有效性

邝曦芝^1,2,3, 邓伟明², 唐乐乐², 黄期², 蔡昆争^1,2,3, 田纪辉^1,2,3*

¹广东省生态循环农业重点实验室, 广州 510642;
²华南农业大学资源环境学院, 广州 510642;
³农业部华南热带农业环境重点实验室, 广州 510642

收稿日期:2021-10-08 接受日期:2022-05-26 出版日期:2022-07-15 发布日期:2023-01-15
通讯作者: *E-mail: jhtian@scau.edu.cn
作者简介:邝曦芝, 女, 1997年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事土壤有机磷循环研究。E-mail: 455867010@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(31870420,41807084)和广东省自然科学基金项目(2017A030313177,2018A030310214)资助。

Impacts of biochar and phosphorus application on soil phosphorus availability and soybean phosphorus uptake

KUANG Xi-zhi^1,2,3, DENG Wei-ming², TANG Le-le², HUANG Qi², CAI Kun-zheng^1,2,3, TIAN Ji-hui^1,2,3*

¹Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China;
²College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
³Key Laboratory of Tropical Agricultural Environment in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China

Received:2021-10-08 Accepted:2022-05-26 Online:2022-07-15 Published:2023-01-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 生物炭在提高土壤磷素有效性及促进作物生长方面具有显著作用,但其效果因土壤类型不同存在较大差异。试验以赤红壤(pH 4.91)和褐土(pH 7.24)为供试土壤,设置3种磷肥水平(0、30、90 kg P·hm^-2,分别以不施磷、低磷、高磷表示)配施稻秆生物炭(0、4%)的大豆盆栽试验,研究了不同磷水平下配施生物炭对土壤磷有效性、磷酸单酯酶活性和植株磷吸收的影响。结果表明: 不同磷水平配施生物炭显著提高了两种土壤的速效磷和全磷含量,且低磷水平添加生物炭处理速效磷增幅最大,在赤红壤和褐土的增幅分别为192.6%和237.1%。与低磷相比,赤红壤中低磷配施生物炭处理的碱性磷酸单酯酶活性显著增加78.9%,活性有机磷含量降低39.3%,同时显著促进了植株生长与磷吸收;生物炭添加显著降低了褐土活性有机磷含量,但不同处理对土壤磷酸单酯酶活性和植株生长无显著影响。土壤活性有机磷含量与速效磷含量均呈显著负相关。综上,生物炭对土壤磷有效性的作用因土壤类型和磷肥水平差异而不同,其在赤红壤上对植株生长和磷吸收的促进效应强于褐土,且在低磷条件下效果更佳。本研究为生物炭在减施磷肥和促进大豆磷吸收,特别是在赤红壤上的应用提供了科学依据。

关键词: 大豆, 生物炭, 磷组分, 磷酸单酯酶, 磷吸收

Abstract: Biochar is beneficial to soil phosphorus (P) availability and crop growth, but the effects vary greatly across different soil types. We investigated the effects of rice straw biochar (4% of total mass) and P application (0, 30, and 90 kg P·hm^-2) on soil P availability, phosphomonoesterase activity, and soybean P uptake by using lateritic red soil (pH 4.91) and cinnamon soil (pH 7.24) as test materials. The results showed that biochar application at different P levels significantly increased available P and total P in both soils. Biochar application with 30 kg P·hm^-2 increased soil available P with maxima at 192.6% and 237.1% in lateritic red soil and cinnamon soil, respectively. Biochar application with 30 kg P·hm^-2 in lateritic red soil significantly increased the activity of alkaline phosphomonoesterase by 78.9%, decreased the content of active organic P by 39.3%, and subsequently stimulated soybean P absorption and growth. Biochar amendment significantly reduced active organic P content in cinnamon soil, but did not affect soil phosphomonoesterase activity and plant growth. The content of active organic P was significantly negatively correlated with soil available P content. In summary, the effect of biochar on soil P availability varied across different soil types (lateritic red soil > cinnamon soil) and P levels (better at 30 kg P·hm^-2). Our results could provide scientific basis for a promising application of biochar in reducing the amount of P fertilizer and increasing soybean P uptake, especially in lateritic red soil.

Key words: soybean, biochar, phosphorus fraction, phosphomonoesterase, phosphorus uptake

邝曦芝, 邓伟明, 唐乐乐, 黄期, 蔡昆争, 田纪辉. 不同磷水平配施生物炭对土壤磷有效性[J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(7): 1911-1918.

KUANG Xi-zhi, DENG Wei-ming, TANG Le-le, HUANG Qi, CAI Kun-zheng, TIAN Ji-hui. Impacts of biochar and phosphorus application on soil phosphorus availability and soybean phosphorus uptake[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2022, 33(7): 1911-1918.

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不同磷水平配施生物炭对土壤磷有效性

Impacts of biochar and phosphorus application on soil phosphorus availability and soybean phosphorus uptake

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