关键词: 铝毒, 钙, 硅, 酸雨, 小麦, 干旱, α-萘乙酸, 开花期, 大豆, 碳代谢

Abstract: Pot experiments were conducted to study the effect of calcium carbonate and sodium silicate on the acidification of red soil, and on the growth of and nutrient uptake by wheat (Tritum aestivum cv. Yangmai No.5) exposed to simulated acid rain. The result indicated that the deposition of simulated pH 3.0 acid rain onto the foliage of wheat decreased soil pHto some degree, which had no inhibitory, but promotion effect on wheat growth, due to its contained N, S, and Kelements. Applying calcium carbonate and sodium silicate to the soil before exposure, inhibited soil acidification and aluminum activation. However, the application rate of carbonate should be no more than 2.0g·kg^-1, otherwise, it would considerably decrease the bio availability of soil phosphorus, and inhibited plant growth. In contrast, adding silicate significantly increased soil available phosphorus content, and enhanced the uptake of phosphorus as well as nitrogen and potassium by wheat. Additionally, the Si fed wheat plants were found to be more resistant to wheat aphid.

Key words: Aluminum toxicity, Calcium, Silicon, Simulated acid rain, Wheat, flowering stage, drought stress, carbon metabolism., α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), soybean