Cu2O纳米颗粒对小麦幼苗快速叶绿素荧光诱导动力学特征及相关基因的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202403.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 土壤中金属纳米颗粒可引发蓄积效应进而威胁农作物的生态安全。探讨氧化亚铜纳米颗粒(Cu₂O-NPs)对小麦幼苗叶片光系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ)的影响,对了解Cu₂O-NPs对农作物光合作用的影响具有重要意义。本研究以“周麦18”小麦为供试植物,采用水培法,研究了0、10、50、100和200 mg·L^-1 Cu₂O-NPs对小麦幼苗叶绿素荧光诱导动力学特性及相关基因的影响。结果表明: 随着Cu₂O-NPs浓度的增加,小麦叶片叶绿素含量降低,OJIP曲线的标准化出现明显的K相(ΔK＞0),PSⅡ反应中心活性参数[单位反应中心吸收的光能(ABS/RC)、单位反应中心捕获的光能(TRo/RC)、单位反应中心捕获的用于电子传递的能量(ETo/RC)和单位反应中心以热能形式耗散的能量(DIo/RC)]的值升高,PSⅡ能量分配比率参数[PSⅡ最大光化学效率(φ_Po)、用于电子传递的量子产额(φ_Eo)和捕获的激子将电子传递到QA以后的其他电子受体的概率(ψ_o)]呈下降趋势,而用于热耗散的量子比率(φ_Do)升高。小麦幼苗叶片光合量子产率Y(Ⅱ)、光化学猝灭系数(q_P)、净光合速率(P_n)、气孔导度(g_s)、胞间CO₂浓度(C_i)和蒸腾速率(T_r)随Cu₂O-NPs处理浓度的增加而降低。Cu₂O-NPs胁迫下,小麦幼苗叶片PSⅡ基因(PsbD、PsbP、Lhcb1)、Rubisco大亚基基因(RbcL)、细胞色素b₆/f复合体基因(PetD、Rieske)和ATP合成酶类基因(AtpA、AtpB、AtpE、AtpI)均显著下调。综上,施加Cu₂O-NPs改变了小麦幼苗PSⅡ的活性及结构,PSⅡ反应中心活性、PSⅡ供体侧和受体侧性能参数等均受到影响,PSⅡ相关基因下调,并表现出明显的浓度效应。

关键词: 小麦, 氧化亚铜纳米颗粒, 叶绿素荧光, 光合系统Ⅱ

Abstract: Metal nanoparticles could be accumulated in soils, which threatens the ecological stability of crops. Investigating the effects of cuprous oxide nanoparticles (Cu₂O-NPs) on photosystem Ⅱ (PSⅡ) of wheat seedling leaves holds considerable importance in comprehending the implications of Cu₂O-NPs on crop photosynthesis. Following the hydroponic method, we investigated the effects of 0, 10, 50, 100, and 200 mg·L^-1 Cu₂O-NPs on chlorophyll fluorescence induction kinetics and photosynthetic-related genes in wheat seedlings of “Zhoumai 18”. The results showed that, with the increases of Cu₂O-NPs concentrations, chlorophyll contents in wheat leaves decreased, and the standardization of the OJIP curve showed a clearly K-phase (ΔK＞0). Cu₂O-NPs stress increased the parameters of active PSⅡ reaction centers, including the absorption flux per active RC (ABS/RC), the trapping flux per active RC (TRo/RC), the electron transport flux per active RC (ETo/RC), and the dissipation flux per active RC (DIo/RC). Cu₂O-NPs stress decreased the parameters of PSⅡ energy distribution ratio including the maximum quantum yield of PSⅡ (φ_Po), the quantum yield of electron transport from QA (φ_Eo), and the probability that a trapped exciton moved an electron further than QA (Ψ_o), while increased the quantum ratio for heat dissipation (φ_Do). Moreover, there was a decrease in photosynthetic quantum yield Y(Ⅱ), photochemical quenching coefficient (q_P), net photosynthetic rate (P_n), stomatal conductance (g_s), intercellular CO₂ concentration (C_i), and transpiration rate (T_r) of leaves with the increases of Cu₂O-NPs concentration. Under Cu₂O-NPs stress, the expression levels of genes which included PSⅡ genes (PsbD, PsbP, Lhcb1), Rubisco large subunit genes (RbcL), cytochrome b6/f complex genes (PetD, Rieske), and ATP synthase genes (AtpA, AtpB, AtpE, AtpI) were downregulated. These results indicated that Cu₂O-NPs stress altered the activity and structure of PSⅡ in wheat seedlings, affected the activity of PSⅡ reaction centers, performance parameters of PSⅡ donor and acceptor sides. PSⅡ related genes were downregulated and exhibited significant concentration effects.

Key words: wheat, cuprous oxide nanoparticles, chlorophyll fluorescence, photosystem Ⅱ

郭葳, 王楠, 张凯悦, 宋沛沛, 马占强. Cu₂O纳米颗粒对小麦幼苗快速叶绿素荧光诱导动力学特征及相关基因的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(3): 721-730.

GUO Wei, WANG Nan, ZHANG Kaiyue, SONG Peipei, MA Zhanqiang. Effects of Cu₂O nanoparticles on the kinetic characteristics of rapid chlorophyll fluorescence induction and related genes in wheat seedlings[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2024, 35(3): 721-730.

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Cu₂O纳米颗粒对小麦幼苗快速叶绿素荧光诱导动力学特征及相关基因的影响

Effects of Cu₂O nanoparticles on the kinetic characteristics of rapid chlorophyll fluorescence induction and related genes in wheat seedlings

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