耐低磷水稻基因型筛选指标的研究

应用生态学报 ›› 2005, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (1): 119-124.

耐低磷水稻基因型筛选指标的研究

李永夫¹, 罗安程¹, 王为木², 杨长登³, 杨肖娥¹

1. 浙江大学农业部亚热带土壤和植物营养学重点开放实验室, 杭州, 310029;
2. 河海大学水利水电工程学院, 南京, 210098;
3. 中国水稻研究所, 杭州, 310006

收稿日期:2003-12-24 修回日期:2004-05-21 出版日期:2005-01-15 发布日期:2005-01-15
通讯作者: 罗安程
基金资助:
国家"863"计划资助项目(2001AA241025-1).

An approach to the screening index for low phosphorous tolerant rice genotype

LI Yongfu¹, LUO Ancheng¹, WANG Weimu², YANG Changdeng³, YANG Xiao'e ¹

1. Key Laboratory of Subtropical Soil and Plant Nutrition of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China;
2. College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China;
3. China National Rice Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China

Received:2003-12-24 Revised:2004-05-21 Online:2005-01-15 Published:2005-01-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用溶液培养试验,并结合大田试验,研究和探讨了耐低磷水稻基因型的筛选指标.结果表明,溶液培养试验中,在正常供磷和低磷胁迫条件下,在所有调查性状中水稻单株干重都具有较大的基因型间变异(CV分别为21.73%和19.54%).在所有调查性状的相对值中,相对单株干重(低磷胁迫/正常供磷)也具有较大的基因型间变异(CV为19.60%);相关分析表明,相对单株干重与相对根干重、相对株高、相对单株吸磷量、相对地上部磷积累、相对磷利用效率和相对植株磷浓度均呈极显著正相关(P＜0.01).因此,水稻相对单株干重可以作为苗期筛选水稻耐低磷基因型的一个筛选指标.溶液培养试验中水稻的相对单株干重和大田试验中水稻的相对稻谷产量(不施磷/施磷)没有显著相关性,因此溶液培养试验的相对单株干重不能作为评价大田试验中水稻耐低磷能力的指标.低磷营养液培养的水稻体内磷利用效率与缺磷土壤生长的水稻体内磷利用效率呈极显著正相关.因此,直接以低磷营养液培养水稻苗期体内磷利用效率作为筛选指标,然后进行大田试验验证,是一条筛选水稻磷高效利用基因型的有效途径.

关键词: 水稻, 耐低磷, 基因型, 筛选指标, 评价指标

Abstract: Screening and breeding low phosphorous(P)tolerant rice genotype is one of the effective alternatives to alleviate the scarcity of mineral P resource and to increase the utilization efficiency of P fertilizer.Selecting a simple and scientific screening index plays an important role in the screening and breeding program.In this study,a hydroponic culture experiment and a field trial were carried out to approach the screening index for low P tolerant rice genotypes.The results showed that among all the rice characters studied,total dry weight demonstrated a significant genotypic variation at both normal and low P supply(the CV was 21.73% and 19.54%,respectively).Relative total dry weight(low P supply/normal P supply)also demonstrated significant genotypic variation(CV was 19.60%),which was significantly correlated to relative root dry weight,relative plant height,relative total P uptake,relative shoot P accumulation,relative P utilization efficiency and relative P concentration(P<0.01).Therefore,the relative total dry weight of rice would be an important evaluation or screening index for the low P tolerance ability of rice at its seedling stage.The relative total dry weight of rice in hydroponic culture system was not correlated to the relative grain yield(minus-P/plus-P)in field trial,which meant that it could not be used as an index to evaluate the low P tolerance ability of rice.The internal P utilization efficiency of rice grown in low P solution was significantly correlated to that of rice grown in P-deficient soil(r=0.798^**,n=8).Therefore,screening rice genotypes by using internal P utilization efficiency of rice grown in low P solution at seedling stage as screening index and subsequently testing in field trial would probably be an effective alternative to screen rice genotype with high P utilization efficiency.

Key words: Oryza sativa, Low P tolerance, Genotype, Screening index, Evaluation index

中图分类号:

S511

李永夫, 罗安程, 王为木, 杨长登, 杨肖娥. 耐低磷水稻基因型筛选指标的研究[J]. 应用生态学报, 2005, 16(1): 119-124.

LI Yongfu, LUO Ancheng, WANG Weimu, YANG Changdeng, YANG Xiao'e . An approach to the screening index for low phosphorous tolerant rice genotype [J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2005, 16(1): 119-124.

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