玉米秸秆生物炭对秸秆腐熟进程、养分含量和CO2排放量的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201904.015

应用生态学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (4): 1312-1318.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201904.015

玉米秸秆生物炭对秸秆腐熟进程、养分含量和CO₂排放量的影响

刘赛男^1,2, 高尚¹, 程效义^1,2, 鄂洋^1,2, 兰宇^1,2, 刘遵奇^1,2, 孟军^1,2*

¹沈阳农业大学农学院水稻研究所, 沈阳 110866;
²辽宁省生物炭工程技术研究中心, 沈阳 110866

收稿日期:2018-11-12 出版日期:2019-04-20 发布日期:2019-04-20
通讯作者: * E-mail: mengjun1217@163.com
作者简介:刘赛男,女,1985年生,博士,讲师. 主要从事生物炭对土壤养分循环及相关微生物代谢的影响研究. E-mail: boyhoodm@163.com
基金资助:
本文由国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0200803-5)、国家自然科学基金项目(41807101,41401325)和辽宁省博士启动基金项目(20170520361)资助

Effects of corn straw biochar on process, nutrient content, and CO₂ emissions of corn straw decomposition

LIU Sai-nan^1,2, GAO Shang¹, CHENG Xiao-yi^1,2, E Yang^1,2, LAN Yu^1,2, LIU Zun-qi^1,2, MENG Jun^1,2*

¹Rice Research Institute, College of Agriculture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China;
²Liaoning Biochar Engineering & Technology Research Center, Shenyang 110866, China

Received:2018-11-12 Online:2019-04-20 Published:2019-04-20
Contact: * E-mail: mengjun1217@163.com
Supported by:
This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFD0200803-5), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41807101, 41401325), and the PhD Launched Fund of Liaoning Province (20170520361).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 生物炭具有良好的理化特性(富碳、呈碱性、孔隙丰富),能够有效调节其所在系统的理化性质.通过室内培养试验研究了玉米秸秆生物炭对玉米秸秆腐熟进程以及腐熟产物的理化性质、养分含量和CO₂气体排放的影响.试验设置4个处理:对照(CK);生物炭添加量5%(B₁,生物炭干基质量占玉米秸秆腐熟体系的干基质量分数);生物炭添加量10%(B₂);生物炭添加量20%(B₃).结果表明: 生物炭能够提高秸秆腐熟体系的升温速率和温度峰值,加快秸秆腐熟进程;生物炭能够提高秸秆腐熟过程中微生物活跃时期的pH值,提高秸秆腐熟体系的电导率(EC),为微生物降解有机物提供更适宜的环境;生物炭能够促进秸秆腐熟体系有机质的降解,增加秸秆腐熟体系的总养分含量,提高秸秆腐熟产物的品质.另外,随着生物炭添加量的提高,氮(N)含量没有显著变化,磷(P₂O₅)含量和钾(K₂O)含量都显著提高.其中,B₃处理的P₂O₅和K₂O含量较CK分别提高了0.2%和0.9%.生物炭添加能够提高秸秆腐熟体系CO₂的排放通量,且CO₂排放通量与温度的变化趋势一致,进一步说明生物炭能够提高微生物降解有机物的强度.

关键词: 养分含量, 生物炭, 秸秆腐熟, CO₂气体排放

Abstract: Biochar has unique physicochemical properties of being rich in carbon, being alkaline, and exhibiting a highly porous structure, which can adjust features of different systems. A 90-day microcosm incubation experiment was performed to investigate the effects of corn straw biochar on the process, properties, nutrient contents, and CO₂ emissions during corn straw composting. There were four treatments, including control (CK), 5% biochar addition (B₁, as mass fractions of biochar), 10% biochar addition (B₂), and 20% biochar addition (B₃). The results showed that biochar significantly increased the temperature rise rate and temperature peak of the straw maturation system, and promoted straw decomposition. Biochar increased the pH of the microbial active period, and the electrical conductivity (EC) value of the straw decomposition system, which provided a more suitable environment for microbial degradation of the organics. Further more, biochar decreased the organic matter content, increased the total nutrient content of the straw decomposition system, and improved the quality of the straw decomposition products. In addition, nitrogen (N) content was not changed by increasing amount of biochar; however, both phosphorus (P₂O₅) and potassium (K₂O) content were significantly increased. Compared to control, the content of P₂O₅ and K₂O in B₃ treatment was increased by 0.2% and 0.9%, respectively. Biochar addition could improve CO₂ emission of the straw decomposition system. The CO₂ emission was consistent with the trend of temperature change, which provided solid evidence that biochar improve the degradation of organic matter by microbes in the system.

Key words: straw decomposition, biochar, nutrient content, CO₂ emission

刘赛男, 高尚, 程效义, 鄂洋, 兰宇, 刘遵奇, 孟军. 玉米秸秆生物炭对秸秆腐熟进程、养分含量和CO₂排放量的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2019, 30(4): 1312-1318.

LIU Sai-nan, GAO Shang, CHENG Xiao-yi, E Yang, LAN Yu, LIU Zun-qi, MENG Jun. Effects of corn straw biochar on process, nutrient content, and CO₂ emissions of corn straw decomposition[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2019, 30(4): 1312-1318.

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玉米秸秆生物炭对秸秆腐熟进程、养分含量和CO₂排放量的影响

Effects of corn straw biochar on process, nutrient content, and CO₂ emissions of corn straw decomposition

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