经营强度对毛竹林土壤团聚体稳定性和碳氮磷分布的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202304.002

应用生态学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (4): 928-936.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202304.002

经营强度对毛竹林土壤团聚体稳定性和碳氮磷分布的影响

倪惠菁^1,2, 储昊煜^1,3, 苏文会^1,3*, 范少辉^1,3

¹国际竹藤中心, 国家林业和草原局竹藤科学与技术重点实验室, 北京 100102;
²浙江省林业科学研究院, 浙江省竹类研究重点实验室/浙江浙西北竹林生态系统定位观测研究站, 杭州 310023;
³滇南竹林生态系统国家定位观测研究站, 云南沧源 677400

收稿日期:2022-10-18 接受日期:2023-02-07 出版日期:2023-04-15 发布日期:2023-10-15
通讯作者: *E-mail: swh612@icbr.ac.cn
作者简介:倪惠菁, 女, 1990年生, 博士。主要从事竹林培育及竹林生态研究。E-mail: hjni0529@163.com
基金资助:
国际竹藤中心基本科研业务费专项资金(1632022004)

Effects of management intensities on soil aggregate stability and carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus distribution in Phyllostachys edulis forests

NI Huijing^1,2, CHU Haoyu^1,3, SU Wenhui^1,3*, FAN Shaohui^1,3

¹Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China;
²Key Laboratory of Bamboo Research of Zhejiang Province/Northwest Zhejiang Bamboo Forest Ecosystem Positioning Observation and Research Station, Zhejiang Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 310023, China;
³National Positioning Observation and Research Station of Bamboo Forest Ecosystem in Southern Yunnan Province, Cangyuan 677400, Yunnan, China

Received:2022-10-18 Accepted:2023-02-07 Online:2023-04-15 Published:2023-10-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 土壤团聚体是土壤有机质分解、腐殖质形成的主要场所,不同粒径团聚体的组成特征可以衡量土壤肥力状况。为了探明经营强度(施肥、垦复频次)对毛竹林土壤团聚体的影响,以粗放经营毛竹林为对照,以中强度(每4年施肥、垦复一次)和高强度(每2年施肥、垦复一次)集约经营毛竹林为对象,利用干筛和湿筛结合的方法分离毛竹林0～10、10～20和20～30 cm土层土壤水稳性团聚体,分析不同土层中各粒径团聚体有机碳、全氮和有效磷的分布情况。结果表明: 经营强度对毛竹林土壤团聚体组成、稳定性以及有机碳、全氮、有效磷含量有显著影响。与对照相比,中、高强度集约经营降低了0～10 cm土层土壤大团聚体比例和团聚体稳定性,增加了20～30 cm土层土壤大团聚体比例和团聚体稳定性,减少了大团聚体有机碳含量以及微团聚体有机碳、全氮和有效磷含量,说明中、高强度经营不利于0～10 cm土层土壤大团聚体的形成和大团聚体对碳的固存,减少人为干扰有利于土壤团聚体对有机碳的积累以及微团聚体对氮、磷的积累。大团聚体质量分数和大团聚体有机碳含量与团聚体稳定性均呈显著正相关,且二者对团聚体稳定性的影响解释最强,因此,大团聚体和大团聚体有机碳含量是影响团聚体形成及稳定性的最重要因素。综上,适当减少对土壤的扰动有利于表层土壤大团聚体的积累和对有机碳的固定以及微团聚体对氮、磷的固定,从提高土壤团聚体稳定性的角度来看,有利于改善土壤质量及毛竹林的可持续经营。

关键词: 经营强度, 毛竹, 团聚体, 稳定性, 养分

Abstract: Soil aggregates are the main sites for the decomposition of soil organic matter and the formation of humus. The composition characteristics of aggregates with different particle sizes are one of the indicators for soil fertility. We explored the effects of management intensity (frequency of fertilization and reclamation) on soil aggregates in moso bamboo forests, including mid-intensity management (T₁, fertilization and reclamation every 4 years), high-intensity management (T₂, fertilization and reclamation every 2 years), and extensive management (CK). The water-stable soil aggregates (0-10, 10-20, and 20-30 cm layers) from moso bamboo forest were separated by a combination of dry and wet sieving method and the distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN) and available phosphorus (AP) across different soil layers were determined. The results showed that management intensities had significant effects on soil aggregate composition and stability, and SOC, TN, AP distribution of moso bamboo forests. Compared with CK, T₁ and T₂ decreased the proportion and stability of macroaggregates in 0-10 cm soil layer, but increased that in 20-30 cm soil layer, while reduced the content of organic carbon in macroaggregates, the contents of organic carbon, TN and AP in microaggregates. Such results indicated that the intensified management was not conducive to formation of macroaggregates in 0-10 cm soil layer and carbon sequestration in macroaggregates. It was beneficial to the accumulation of organic carbon in soil aggregates and nitrogen and phosphorus in microaggregates with lower human disturbance. Mass fraction of macroaggregates and organic carbon content of macroaggregates was significantly positively correlated with aggregate stability, which best explained the variations of aggregate stability. Therefore, macroaggregates and organic carbon content of macroaggregates were the most important factors affecting the formation and stability of aggregates. Appropriate reduction of disturbance was beneficial to the accumulation of macroaggregates in the topsoil, the sequestration of organic carbon by macro-aggregates, and the sequestration of TN and AP by microaggregates, and improving soil quality and sustainable management in moso bamboo forest from the point of view of soil aggregate stability.

Key words: management intensity, moso bamboo, aggregate, stability, nutrient

倪惠菁, 储昊煜, 苏文会, 范少辉. 经营强度对毛竹林土壤团聚体稳定性和碳氮磷分布的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(4): 928-936.

NI Huijing, CHU Haoyu, SU Wenhui, FAN Shaohui. Effects of management intensities on soil aggregate stability and carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus distribution in Phyllostachys edulis forests[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2023, 34(4): 928-936.

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经营强度对毛竹林土壤团聚体稳定性和碳氮磷分布的影响

Effects of management intensities on soil aggregate stability and carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus distribution in Phyllostachys edulis forests

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