林火干扰后大兴安岭多年冻土区土壤胞外酶活性变化特征及其影响因素

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202502.019

应用生态学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (2): 497-203.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202502.019

林火干扰后大兴安岭多年冻土区土壤胞外酶活性变化特征及其影响因素

沈阳¹, 李晓英^2*, 蔡慧颖¹, 许涛¹, 李景涛¹, 陈魁¹

¹东北林业大学林学院森林生态系统可持续经营教育部重点实验室, 哈尔滨 150040;
²中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院冰冻圈科学与冻土工程全国重点实验室, 兰州 730000

收稿日期:2024-07-17 接受日期:2024-12-26 出版日期:2025-02-18 发布日期:2025-08-18
通讯作者: *E-mail: lixiaoying@lzb.ac.cn
作者简介:沈阳, 女, 1999年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事多年冻土区土壤酶活性研究。E-mail: 1317168196@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(42471166,32241032)、冰冻圈科学与冻土工程全国重点实验室自主部署项目(CSFSE-ZQ-2407)和黑龙江省优秀青年基金项目(YQ2022D002)

Post-fire changes in soil extracellular enzyme activities and their influencing factors in the permafrost region of the Da Xing’anling Mountains, Northeast China

SHEN Yang¹, LI Xiaoying^2*, CAI Huiying¹, XU Tao¹, LI Jingtao¹, CHEN Kui¹

¹Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management of Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China;
²State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science and Frozen Soil Engineering, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China

Received:2024-07-17 Accepted:2024-12-26 Online:2025-02-18 Published:2025-08-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 探究火后多年冻土区土壤酶活性的变化特征及其影响因素有助于预测和评估气候变暖对多年冻土区生态系统的影响。本研究选取大兴安岭北部多年冻土区2015年火烧迹地分析未火烧、轻度火烧、重度火烧区0～60 cm深度土壤中的脲酶(UR)、酸性磷酸酶(AP)、乙酰基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)、β-葡萄糖苷酶(βG)和亮氨酸氨基肽酶(LAP)等胞外酶活性变化特征及其影响因素。结果表明:火烧强度、土壤深度和土壤理化性质对土壤胞外酶活性均有显著影响。与未火烧点相比,轻度火烧点土壤的UR、AP、βG和LAP活性升高了59.8%～241.7%,NAG活性降低了35.5%;重度火烧点所有土壤酶活性均升高,增幅为26.0%～206.0%。随土壤深度增加,土壤酶活性逐渐降低。冗余分析表明,土壤温度(ST)、全磷(TP)、C∶P、C∶N、土壤深度和土壤含水量(SWC)是土壤酶活性的重要影响因子,贡献率分别为70.9%、12.2%、4.7%、3.6%、2.9%和1.9%;土壤酶活性与ST、TP、C∶P、C∶N和SWC呈显著正相关,与土壤深度呈显著负相关。林火及其诱发的土壤理化性质变化共同影响土壤胞外酶活性,且火烧强度越大影响越显著。

关键词: 林火, 多年冻土, 大兴安岭, 土壤胞外酶活性, 火烧强度

Abstract: Understanding the changes in soil enzyme activities and the influencing factors after forest fire distur-bances can help assess and predict the impacts of climate warming on permafrost ecosystems. We analyzed the acti-vities of extracellular enzyme, including urease (UR), acid phosphatase (AP), acetyl-glucosidase (NAG), β-glucosidase (βG), and leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), in soils (0-60 cm depth) across unburned, lightly burned and severely burned sites within the 2015 burned area in the northern Da Xing’anling Monntains. The results showed that fire intensity, soil depth, and soil physicochemical properties significantly influenced extracellular enzyme activities. Compared to that in unburned site, the activities of UR, AP, βG, and LAP increased by 59.8%-241.7%, while NAG decreased by 35.5% at lightly burned site. The activities of all soil enzymes increased, with the magnitidues ranging from 26.0% to 206.0% at severely burned site. Soil enzyme activities gra-dually decreased with increasing soil depth. Redundancy analysis identified soil temperature (ST), total phosphorus (TP), C:P, C:N, soil depth and soil water content (SWC) as important influencing factors of soil enzyme activities, contributing 70.9%, 12.2%, 4.7%, 3.6%, 2.9%, and 1.9%, respectively. Soil enzyme activities were signifi-cantly positively correlated with ST, TP, C:P, C:N, and SWC, but significantly negatively correlated with soil depth. Forest fires and the resultant changes in soil physicochemical properties jointly affected soil extracellular enzyme activities, with the effects intensifying with increasing fire intensity.

Key words: forest fire; permafrost; Da Xing’anling Mountains; soil extracellular enzyme activity; fire intensity

沈阳, 李晓英, 蔡慧颖, 许涛, 李景涛, 陈魁. 林火干扰后大兴安岭多年冻土区土壤胞外酶活性变化特征及其影响因素[J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(2): 497-203.

SHEN Yang, LI Xiaoying, CAI Huiying, XU Tao, LI Jingtao, CHEN Kui. Post-fire changes in soil extracellular enzyme activities and their influencing factors in the permafrost region of the Da Xing’anling Mountains, Northeast China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2025, 36(2): 497-203.

参考文献

[1] Zhao J, Yue C, Wang JM, et al. Forest fire size amplifies postfire land surface warming. Nature, 2024, 633: 828-834
[2] 齐方忠, 殷继艳, 武英达, 等. 智利森林火灾剖析与全球应对策略. 中国应急管理, 2024(3): 46-49
[3] 刘桂民, 张博, 王莉, 等. 全球和我国多年冻土分布范围和实际面积研究进展. 地球科学, 2023, 48(12): 4689-4698
[4] Chadburn SE, Burke EJ, Cox PM, et al. An observation-based constraint on permafrost loss as a function of global warming. Nature Climate Change, 2017, 7: 340-344
[5] 李晓英, 金会军, 何瑞霞, 等. 森林大火对冻土环境影响的研究进展. 冰川冻土, 2017, 39(2): 317-327
[6] Rebi A, Wang G, Irfan M, et al. Unraveling the impact of wildfires on permafrost ecosystems: Vulnerability, implications, and management strategies. Journal of Environmental Management, 2024, 358: 120917
[7] Ludwig SM, Alexander HD, Kielland K, et al. Fire severity effects on soil carbon and nutrients and microbial processes in a Siberian larch forest. Global Change Bio-logy, 2018, 24: 5841-5852
[8] 及利, 马立新, 程政磊, 等. 大兴安岭北部不同海拔天然林土壤胞外酶化学计量特征及其季节动态. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(8): 2491-2499
[9] Pei JM, Wan JR, Wang H, et al. Changes in the acti-vity of soil enzymes after fire. Geoderma, 2023, 437: 116599
[10] Enowashu E, Poll C, Lamersdorf N, et al. Microbial biomass and enzyme activities under reduced nitrogen deposition in a spruce forest soil. Applied Soil Ecology, 2009, 43: 11-21
[11] Knelman JE, Graham EB, Ferrenberg S, et al. Rapid shifts in soil nutrients and decomposition enzyme activity in early succession following forest fire. Forests, 2017, 8: 347
[12] 于群英. 土壤磷酸酶活性及其影响因素研究. 安徽技术师范学院学报, 2001(4): 5-8
[13] 陶玉柱. 火对塔河森林土壤微生物及酶活性的干扰作用. 博士论文. 哈尔滨: 东北林业大学, 2014
[14] Liu C, Song YY, Dong XF, et al. Soil enzyme activities and their relationships with soil C, N, and P in peatlands from different types of permafrost regions, Northeast China. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 2021, 9: 670769
[15] 代海燕, 陈素华, 武艳娟, 等. 内蒙古大兴安岭生态功能区冷暖季节气候变化趋势分析. 冰川冻土, 2016, 38(3): 645-652
[16] 张瑶. 大兴安岭26年间林火对森林植被碳收支的影响. 硕士论文. 哈尔滨: 东北林业大学, 2009
[17] 李晓英, 金会军, 何瑞霞, 等. 多年冻土区森林大火对生态服务功能的影响研究. 气候变化研究进展, 2020, 16(5): 545-554
[18] White JD, Ryan KC, Key CC, et al. Remote sensing of forest fire severity and vegetation recovery. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 1996, 6: 125-136
[19] Brewer CK, Winne J, Redmond R, et al. Classifying and mapping wildfire severity: A comparison of methods. Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, 2005, 71: 1311-1320
[20] Dunn C, Jones TG, Girard A, et al. Methodologies for extracellular enzyme assays from wetland soils. Wetlands, 2014, 34: 9-17
[21] Shi L, Dech JP, Liu HY, et al. Post-fire vegetation recovery at forest sites is affected by permafrost degradation in the Da Xing’an Mountains of northern China. Journal of Vegetation Science, 2019, 30: 940-949
[22] 蒋磊, 宋艳宇, 宋长春, 等. 大兴安岭冻土区泥炭地土壤碳、氮含量和酶活性室内模拟研究. 湿地科学, 2018, 16(3): 294-302
[23] Llorens L, Penuelas J, Estiarte M, et al. Contrasting growth changes in two dominant species of a Mediterranean shrubland submitted to experimental drought and warming. Annals of Botany, 2004, 94: 843-853
[24] Jing X, Wang YH, Chung H, et al. No temperature acclimation of soil extracellular enzymes to experimental warming in an alpine grassland ecosystem on the Tibetan Plateau. Biogeochemistry, 2014, 117: 39-54
[25] Docherty KM, Balser TC, Bohannan BJM, et al. Soil microbial responses to fire and interacting global change factors in a California annual grassland. Biogeochemistry, 2012, 109: 63-83
[26] Burns RG, DeForest JL, Marxsen J, et al. Soil enzymes in a changing environment: Current knowledge and future directions. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2013, 58: 216-234
[27] 沈颖, 秦涛, 郭银花, 等. 林火对山西太岳山油松林土壤微生物-酶活性的短期影响. 北京林业大学学报, 2022, 44(4): 76-85
[28] 李晓红. 鄱阳湖湿地不同植物群落土壤养分和土壤酶活性垂直分布特征. 水土保持研究, 2019, 26(1): 69-75, 81
[29] 王梅, 晏梓然, 赵子文, 等. 黄土高原植被演替过程中相对土壤酶活性的变化特征. 水土保持学报, 2021, 35(5): 181-187
[30] 孙毅, 和润莲, 何光熊, 等. 滇西并流河谷区土壤酶活性化学计量学特征与环境因子的关系. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(4): 1269-1278
[31] Wang JY, Song C, Wang XW, et al. Changes in labile soil organic carbon fractions in wetland ecosystems along a latitudinal gradient in Northeast China. Catena, 2012, 96: 83-89
[32] Delijani NB, Moshki A, Matinizadeh M, et al. The effects of fire and seasonal variations on soil properties in Juniperus excelsa M. Bieb. stands in the Alborz Mountains, Iran. Journal of Forestry Research, 2022, 33: 1471-1479
[33] Zhang YM, Wu N, Zhou GY, et al. Changes in enzyme activities of spruce (Picea balfouriana) forest soil as related to burning in the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Applied Soil Ecology, 2005, 30: 215-225
[34] 梁晓霞. 芦芽山亚高山草甸土壤微生物群落特征及其驱动因子研究. 硕士论文. 太原: 山西大学, 2023
[35] 丁令智. 大兴安岭北部主要树种根际土壤碳氮形态及土壤酶活性研究. 硕士论文. 哈尔滨: 东北林业大学, 2019
[36] 刘巧娟, 张之松, 满秀玲, 等. 寒温带多年冻土区不同林龄白桦林土壤酶活性动态特征. 东北林业大学学报, 2024, 52(3): 125-131
[37] 严岩, 文波龙, 徐惠风, 等. 除草剂苄嘧磺隆对盐碱化沼泽芦苇生长及土壤酶活性影响的实验研究. 湿地科学, 2016, 14(1): 117-121
[38] Taş N, Prestat E, McFarland JW, et al. Impact of fire on active layer and permafrost microbial communities and metagenomes in an upland Alaskan boreal forest. The ISME Journal, 2014, 8: 1904-1919

林火干扰后大兴安岭多年冻土区土壤胞外酶活性变化特征及其影响因素

Post-fire changes in soil extracellular enzyme activities and their influencing factors in the permafrost region of the Da Xing’anling Mountains, Northeast China

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	吕晨歌, 贾德彬, 郝玉胜, 尚紫琴, 郭少峰, 谢国英. 内蒙古大兴安岭北部降水同位素特征及水汽来源识别 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(3): 859-867.
[2]	欧阳逸云, 李春辉, 倪荣雨, 赵平欣, 曾爱聪, 郭福涛. 基于双变量统计和多准则决策分析的小尺度森林火险区划 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(1): 187-196.
[3]	刘欢, 杨晓晨, 蔡玉山, 崔杨, 段亮亮. 大兴安岭多年冻土区森林流域碳湿沉降通量与河流碳输出 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(3): 648-658.
[4]	欧阳逸云, 苏漳文, 李春辉, 曾爱聪, 郭福涛. 基于模糊逻辑和网络层次分析法的森林火险区划 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(2): 354-362.
[5]	姜静宜, 孙晓新, 王宪伟, 王淑洁, 马国宝, 陈宁, 杜宇. 大兴安岭多年冻土泥炭地土壤水可溶性有机碳夏秋季节变化特征及其影响因素 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(9): 2413-2420.
[6]	冷鹏, 王建青, 谭云燕, 邵亚军, 王丽燕, 施秀珍, 张国友. 大气CO₂和O₃浓度升高对水稻根际土壤胞外酶活性的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(8): 2185-2193.
[7]	蔡玉山, 王雯倩, 肖湘, 郎明翰, 段亮亮. 大兴安岭多年冻土区流域春季冻融期氮湿沉降与水体氮输出特征 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(2): 396-404.
[8]	董灵波, 梁凯富, 张一帆, 刘兆刚. 基于Landsat 8时间序列数据的翠岗林场森林类型划分 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(9): 2339-2346.
[9]	董灵波, 马榕, 田栋元, 王涛, 刘兆刚. 大兴安岭天然林不同演替阶段共优势种种群结构与动态 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(8): 2077-2087.
[10]	顾泽, 王博, 陈思帆, 王忆文, 索奥丽, 刘晓东, 陈锋. 不同火烈度火烧迹地内油松叶功能性状的变化 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(6): 1497-1504.
[11]	张珍, 杨凇, 朱贺, 王光玉, 郭福涛, 孙帅超. 混合效应模型在林火发生预测中的适用性 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(6): 1547-1554.
[12]	窦永静, 王让虎, 吴东辉. 冻融作用对大兴安岭多年冻土区土壤节肢动物的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(5): 1405-1412.
[13]	贾钰宸, 常禹, 平晓莹, 常畅. 不同烈度林火干扰下呼中国家级自然保护区森林各碳库储量的动态变化 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(7): 2325-2334.
[14]	王宪伟, 谭稳稳, 宋长春, 杜宇, 张豪, 陈宁. 大兴安岭北部多年冻土区河岸森林湿地土壤性质和微生物呼吸活性特征 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(12): 4237-4246.
[15]	杨婧雯, 张秋良, 宋文琦, 张旭, 李宗善, 张远东, 王晓春. 大兴安岭兴安落叶松和樟子松径向生长对气候变化的响应差异 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(10): 3415-3427.