喀斯特地区不同土地覆被下土壤水氢氧稳定同位素变化特征

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202507.018

应用生态学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (7): 1961-1970.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202507.018

• 稳定同位素生态学专栏 • 上一篇下一篇

喀斯特地区不同土地覆被下土壤水氢氧稳定同位素变化特征

赵露^1,2, 胡运迪^1,2*, 周忠发^1,2, 赵敏^3,4, 黄正周^1,2, 张宇超^1,2, 张越青¹

¹贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院, 贵阳 550025;
²贵州省喀斯特山地生态环境国家重点实验室培育基地, 贵阳 550025;
³中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室, 贵阳 550081;
⁴中国科学院中国生态系统研究网络普定喀斯特生态系统研究站, 贵州安顺 562100

收稿日期:2024-12-23 接受日期:2025-05-21 出版日期:2025-07-18 发布日期:2026-01-18
通讯作者: *E-mail: hydhydro@163.com
作者简介:赵露, 女, 2000年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事喀斯特水文水资源研究。E-mail: 2773711761@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目(42072278)和贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础ZK[2022]一般306)

Characteristics of stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope variations in soil water under different land covers in karst area

ZHAO Lu^1,2, HU Yundi^1,2*, ZHOU Zhongfa^1,2, ZHAO Min^3,4, HUANG Zhengzhou^1,2, ZHANG Yuchao^1,2, ZHANG Yueqing¹

¹School of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China;
²State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Karst Mountain Ecology Environment of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, China;
³State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China;
⁴Puding Karst Ecosystem Research Station, China Ecosystem Research Network, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Anshun 562100, Guizhou, China

Received:2024-12-23 Accepted:2025-05-21 Online:2025-07-18 Published:2026-01-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究喀斯特地区不同土地覆被下土壤水氢氧稳定同位素变化特征,有利于理解土壤水的入渗和运移过程,以及不同土地覆被对水文过程的影响,为区域水资源利用和生态环境建设提供理论依据。本研究通过定期野外采样和室内试验,获取了2021年5月—2022年4月贵州普定喀斯特生态站大气降水和大型水-碳通量模拟试验场4种不同土地覆被(裸土地、耕地、草地、灌木地)下0～50 cm剖面土壤水氢氧同位素数据,对比分析了降水和4种土地覆被下10、25和45 cm土壤水的氢氧稳定同位素变化特征。结果表明: 1)降水δ²H、δ¹⁸O和水线氘差(lc-excess)值变化特征相似,均为夏季低冬季高,季节变化特征明显。普定大气降水线方程为:δ²H=8.49δ¹⁸O+16.65(r²=0.98),其斜率和截距均大于全球大气降水线,表征了该地暖湿的季风气候特征。2)土壤水主要由降水补给,土壤水δ¹⁸O夏季低冬季高,且在10 cm处表现最明显。3)4种土地覆被下10 cm处土壤水受降水补给和蒸发的影响最大,稳定同位素变化范围最大,δ¹⁸O重同位素最富集,lc-excess值最小;其次是25 cm处土壤水,最后是45 cm处土壤水。4)4种土地覆被lc-excess值为:草地(-13.27‰)＞灌木地(-14.54‰)＞耕地(-15.67‰)＞裸地(-19.92‰),对应的土壤水蒸发程度为:裸土地＞耕地＞灌木地＞草地。因此,土地覆被对水循环有重要影响,而lc-excess值可以有效反映蒸发作用。

关键词: 降水, 土壤水, 土地覆被, 氢氧同位素, 喀斯特

Abstract: Understanding the stable isotope changes of soil water, hydrogen, and oxygen under different land cover in karst areas is beneficial for revealing the infiltration and transport processes of soil water, as well as the impact of different land cover on hydrological processes, providing theoretical basis for regional water resource utilization and ecological environment construction. We measured hydrogen and oxygen isotope of soil water in 0-50 cm profiles under four different land covers (bare land, cultivated land, grassland, and shrubland) at the Puding Karst Ecological Station in Guizhou Province from May 2021 to April 2022 through regular field sampling and indoor experiments. The stable isotope changes of hydrogen and oxygen in precipitation and soil water at 10, 25, and 45 cm layers under four land covers were compared and analyzed. The results showed that: 1) Precipitation δ²H, δ¹⁸O, and waterline deuterium difference (lc-excess) values showed the same seasonal variations, with low values in summer and high values in winter. The equation for the atmospheric precipitation line in Puding was: δ²H=8.49δ¹⁸O+16.65 (r²=0.98), with a slope and intercept greater than the global atmospheric precipitation line, indicating a warm and humid monsoon climate of the area. 2) Soil water was mainly replenished by precipitation, and the δ¹⁸O of soil water was lower in summer and higher in winter, with the most obvious manifestation at 10 cm. 3) Soil water at a depth of 10 cm under four types of land cover was most affected by precipitation recharge and evaporation, with the largest range of stable isotope changes, the highest enrichment of δ¹⁸O heavy isotopes, and the lowest lc-excess value; following by that at 25 cm and 45 cm. 4) The lc-excess values for the four types of land cover were in an order of grassland (-13.27‰)>shrubland (-14.54‰)>cultivated land (-15.67‰)>bare land (-19.92‰). The corresponding soil water evaporation degree was bare land>cultivated land>shrubland>grassland. Our results indicated that land cover has a significant impact on the water cycle and that the lc-excess value can effectively reflect evaporation.

Key words: precipitation, soil water, land cover, hydrogen and oxygen isotopes, karst

赵露, 胡运迪, 周忠发, 赵敏, 黄正周, 张宇超, 张越青. 喀斯特地区不同土地覆被下土壤水氢氧稳定同位素变化特征[J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(7): 1961-1970.

ZHAO Lu, HU Yundi, ZHOU Zhongfa, ZHAO Min, HUANG Zhengzhou, ZHANG Yuchao, ZHANG Yueqing. Characteristics of stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope variations in soil water under different land covers in karst area[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2025, 36(7): 1961-1970.

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喀斯特地区不同土地覆被下土壤水氢氧稳定同位素变化特征

Characteristics of stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope variations in soil water under different land covers in karst area

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