兴安落叶松针叶光合能力对气候变暖的响应

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202508.020

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 将兴安落叶松幼树从塔河、松岭、黑河和带岭4个地点移栽至其自然分布区南缘的帽儿山同质园,生长20年后,测定兴安落叶松针叶的光合能力。以4个原产地为对照,同质园为气候变暖处理,分析兴安落叶松针叶光合能力对气候变暖的响应机理。结果表明: 气候变暖显著增大了兴安落叶松针叶的最大净光合速率、总氮含量、叶绿素含量、核酮糖-1,5-二磷酸羧化酶/加氧酶(Rubisco)活性和磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶(PEPC)活性、光合系统中氮含量及其比例。其中,与对照相比,气候变暖处理下原产地为带岭、黑河、松岭和塔河的兴安落叶松针叶最大净光合速率分别显著提高23.5%、34.4%、37.5%和45.8%,Rubisco活性分别显著增加11.1%、30.1%、36.3%和56.7%,光合系统中氮含量分别显著增加19.0%、51.0%、67.8%和70.4%。兴安落叶松针叶最大净光合速率与Rubisco活性、PEPC活性、光合系统中氮含量均呈显著正相关。气候变暖对兴安落叶松针叶光合氮利用效率影响不显著。气候变暖处理下兴安落叶松针叶光合能力显著增大,是光合系统氮含量增加和光合酶活性增强共同调控的结果。

关键词: 光合速率, 叶氮分配, 气候变化, 同质园, 光合氮利用效率

Abstract: Larix gmelinii seedlings were transplanted from Tahe, Songling, Heihe and Dailing to a common garden in Mao’ershan, near the southern edge of its natural distribution range in China. Two decades after the transplantation, we measured the photosynthetic capacity of needles in four transplanting locations (control) and common garden (climate warming treatment) simultaneously, and analyzed the response mechanism of needle photosynthetic capacity to climate warming. The results showed that climate warming significantly increased the maximum net photosynthetic rate (P_{n max}), total nitrogen content (N_area), chlorophyll content (Chl_m), the activities of ribulose-1,5-diphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC), as well as the content and proportion of nitrogen in photosynthetic system. Climate warming significantly increased P_{n max} by 23.5%, 34.4%, 37.5% and 45.8%, increased Rubisco activity by 11.1%, 30.1%, 36.3% and 56.7%, and increased nitrogen content in photosynthetic system by 19.0%, 51.0%, 67.8% and 70.4% for Dailing, Heihe, Songling and Tahe, respectively. The P_{n max} was significantly positively associated with Rubisco activity, PEPC activity and the content of nitrogen in photosynthetic system. Climate warming did not affect photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency. The significant increase in photosynthetic capacity of L. gmelinii needles under climate warming was resulted from the interaction of increased nitrogen content in the photosynthetic system and enhanced photosynthetic enzyme activity.

Key words: photosynthetic rate, leaf nitrogen allocation, climate change, common garden, photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency

王晶晶, 蔡汭佳, 张瑞, 王传宽, 全先奎. 兴安落叶松针叶光合能力对气候变暖的响应[J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(8): 2297-2306.

WANG Jingjing, CAI Ruijia, ZHANG Rui, WANG Chuankuan, QUAN Xiankui. Response of photosynthetic capacity of Larix gmelinii needles to climate warming[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2025, 36(8): 2297-2306.

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