关键词: 生态安全, 生态风险, 生态系统健康, 预警, 管理

Abstract: This paper measured the Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn and Cr contents in Haplocladium plants and corresponding soils at 13 monitoring sites of Shanghai City, and analyzed the relationships between plant heavy metals contents and environment. The results indicated that these 13 monitoring sites could be divided into three groups of different degree heavy metals pollution, i.e., 1) seriously polluted, including Guilin, Guangqi, and Fuxing Park near the most heavy-traffic areas with intense pollution and disturbance, and the plant pollutants contents (mg·kg^-1) being Cu 35.25～50.36, Pb 55.50～65.00, Cd 1.68～2.3, Zn 829.63～1 140.13, and Cr 7.41～16.41, 2) polluted, including Changfeng, Guzhong, Zhongshan, and Heping Park as well as the campus of Shanghai Normal University at Xuhui District in the outskirts with less heavy metals pollution, and the plant pollutants contents (mg·kg^-1) being Cu 18.51～62.50, Pb 14.38～34.25, Cd 0.81～1.40, Zn 354.25～671.75, and Cr 3.62～25.08, and 3) basically unpolluted, including Sheshan Mt., Shanghai Botanic Garden, Chongming National Forest Park, Daguanyuan Park, and Luojing at the suburbs of Shanghai City, with the plant pollutants contents (mg·kg^-1) being Cu 11.13～16.41, Pb 4.63～27.25, Cd 0.93～1.28, Zn 489.25～1 086.75, and Cr 1.53～7.62. The heavy metals contents in Haplocladium plants had some correlations with corresponding soils, and there were some other factors besides soil affecting the heavy metals contents in Haplocladium plants. It was suggested that bryophytes as biological indicators could be used to indicate the heavy metals pollution in Shanghai City.

Key words: Ecological Security, Ecological risk, Ecosystem Health, Prediction, Management