不同有机物料深混对白浆土土壤胞外酶活性及化学计量特征的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202512.011

应用生态学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (12): 3709-3717.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202512.011

• 三江平原白浆土障碍消减与产能关键技术专栏(专栏策划：韩晓增、王秋菊) • 上一篇下一篇

不同有机物料深混对白浆土土壤胞外酶活性及化学计量特征的影响

高瑞敏^1,3, 严君^1,2*, 韩晓增¹, 陈旭^1,2, 邹文秀^1,2, 陆欣春^1,2, 贺娟妮³

¹中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所, 哈尔滨 150081;
²中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;
³陕西地矿自然资源投资建设有限公司, 西安 710054

收稿日期:2025-03-24 修回日期:2025-10-17 出版日期:2025-12-18 发布日期:2026-07-18
通讯作者: ^*E-mail: yanjun@iga.ac.cn
作者简介:高瑞敏, 女, 2000年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事土壤微生态研究. E-mail: gaoruimin@iga.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1500802)和中国科学院战略性先导科技专项A类(XDA28070000)

Effects of deep ploughing incorporation of organic materials to field on the extracellular enzyme activities and stoichiometric characteristics in albic soil

GAO Ruimin^1,3, YAN Jun^1,2*, HAN Xiaozeng¹, CHEN Xu^1,2, ZOU Wenxiu^1,2, LU Xinchun^1,2, HE Juanni³

¹Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China;
²University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
³Shaanxi G&M Natural Resources Investment Construction Co., Ltd., Xi'an 710054, China

Received:2025-03-24 Revised:2025-10-17 Online:2025-12-18 Published:2026-07-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 有机物料深混是改良土壤的有效措施。本研究以典型白浆土为对象,设置常规耕作(CT)、深翻(DT)、秸秆深混还田(DS)、有机肥深混还田(DM)及秸秆-有机肥深混还田(DSM)5个处理,通过2年田间定位试验,探究深混不同有机物料还田对白浆土微生物生物量、胞外酶活性及其化学计量比的影响。结果表明: 有机物料深混(DS、DM和DSM)各处理均显著提高了0～15和15～35 cm土层土壤微生物生物量碳(MBC)、微生物生物量氮(MBN)和微生物生物量磷(MBP),其中,DSM处理增幅最大,在0～15 cm土层较CT分别提高72.8%、61.6%和147.7%,在15～35 cm土层较CT分别提高78.7％、136.7％和248.4％。胞外酶活性均随土层加深显著降低,添加有机物料处理显著提升了各土层土壤酶活性,其中,DSM处理增幅最大,在0～15 cm土层碳(β-1,4葡萄糖苷酶)、氮(β-1,4-N-乙酰葡萄糖苷酶+亮氨酸氨基肽酶)和磷获取酶(酸性磷酸酶)活性较CT处理分别提高了11.6%、65.3%和50.4%,在15～35 cm土层分别提高了68.9%、37.4%和31.1%。酶向量模型表明,白浆土各土层微生物群落普遍受到碳磷双重制约,有机物料深混可显著改善这一养分限制状态。相关性分析与随机森林模型结果显示,土壤胞外酶活性受到MBC、MBN、MBP的调控。有机物料深混还田可提升白浆土土壤微生物和酶活性,促进养分循环,其中,秸秆配合有机肥深混还田效果最佳。

关键词: 白浆土, 深耕, 有机物料还田, 土壤胞外酶活性, 土壤养分

Abstract: Deep incorporation of organic materials is an effective practice for soil improvement. We conducted a two-year experiment in typical albic soil with five treatments: conventional tillage (CT), deep tillage (DT), straw deep incorporation (DS), organic fertilizer deep incorporation (DM), and straw-organic fertilizer deep incorporation (DSM). We investigated the effects of deep incorporation of different organic materials on microbial biomass, extracellular enzyme activities, and their stoichiometric ratios in albic soil. The results showed that deep incorporation of organic materials (DS, DM, and DSM) significantly increased microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), and microbial biomass phosphorus (MBP) in both the 0-15 cm and 15-35 cm soil layers, with the DSM treatment showing the strongest effect. MBC, MBN, and MBP under DSM increased by 72.8%, 61.6%, and 147.7% in the 0-15 cm soil layer, and 78.7%, 136.7%, and 248.4% in the 15-35 cm soil layer, respectively. Extracellular enzyme activities decreased significantly with increasing soil depth. The addition of organic materials significantly enhanced enzyme activities in each soil layer with DSM again exhibiting the largest promotion. The activities of C-acquiring enzyme (β-1,4-glucosidase), N-acquiring enzymes (β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase and leucine aminopeptidase), and P-acquiring enzyme (acid phosphatase) under DSM increased by 11.6%, 65.3%, and 50.4% in the 0-15 cm layer, and 68.9%, 37.4%, and 31.1% in the 15-35 cm layer compared to CT, respectively. The enzyme-based vector model revealed that soil microbial communities across all layers of the albic soil were generally co-limited by carbon and phosphorus. Deep incorporation of organic materials significantly alleviated the nutrient limitation. Correlation analysis and random forest modeling further indicated that soil extracellular enzyme activities were regulated by MBC, MBP and MBN. Deep incorporation of organic materials could enhance microbial and enzymatic activities in albic soil and promote nutrient cycling, with the combined application of straw and organic fertilizer having the highest improvement.

Key words: albic soil, deep ploughing, organic material return to field, soil extracellular enzyme activity, soil nutrient

高瑞敏, 严君, 韩晓增, 陈旭, 邹文秀, 陆欣春, 贺娟妮. 不同有机物料深混对白浆土土壤胞外酶活性及化学计量特征的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(12): 3709-3717.

GAO Ruimin, YAN Jun, HAN Xiaozeng, CHEN Xu, ZOU Wenxiu, LU Xinchun, HE Juanni. Effects of deep ploughing incorporation of organic materials to field on the extracellular enzyme activities and stoichiometric characteristics in albic soil[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2025, 36(12): 3709-3717.

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不同有机物料深混对白浆土土壤胞外酶活性及化学计量特征的影响

Effects of deep ploughing incorporation of organic materials to field on the extracellular enzyme activities and stoichiometric characteristics in albic soil

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