无人机植被遥感中可见光相机色温对植被指数计算的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202503.004

应用生态学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (3): 729-737.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202503.004

无人机植被遥感中可见光相机色温对植被指数计算的影响

许静^1,2, 杨龙^1,3,4, 王俊坚², 孙中宇^1,3,4*

¹广东省科学院广州地理研究所, 广州 510070;
²南方科技大学环境科学与工程学院, 广东深圳 518055;
³广东省遥感与地理信息系统应用重点实验室, 广州 510070;
⁴粤港澳大湾区城市群生态系统观测研究站, 广州 510070

收稿日期:2024-10-03 接受日期:2025-01-15 出版日期:2025-03-18 发布日期:2025-05-15
通讯作者: * E-mail: sunzhyu@gdas.ac.cn
作者简介:许静, 女, 2000年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事植被生态遥感和土壤有机质组分研究。E-mail: jingxu20211221@163.com
基金资助:
广东省林业科技计划项目(2022KJCX003)

Effects of color temperature of visible light camera on vegetation index calculation in unmanned aerial vehicle vegetation remote sensing

XU Jing^1,2, YANG Long^1,3,4, WANG Junjian², SUN Zhongyu^1,3,4*

¹Guangzhou Institute of Geography, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China;
²School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China;
³Guangdong Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System Application Laboratory, Guangzhou 510070, China;
⁴The Greater Bay Area Urban Agglomeration Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Guangzhou 510070, China

Received:2024-10-03 Accepted:2025-01-15 Online:2025-03-18 Published:2025-05-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以RGB三波段光谱信息为基础计算的植被指数已被广泛应用于无人机植被遥感领域。受到相机自动色温调节的影响,无人机获取RGB影像时常存在偏色现象,但该现象对植被指数计算产生的影响目前仍缺乏关注。本研究分析了5000~8000 K色温梯度下非植被地物、针叶树种、阔叶树种和草本植物的13种植被指数的变化趋势。结果表明: 色温改变显著影响可见光植被指数的计算结果。随着色温的升高,13种植被指数表现出上升、下降、单峰、稳定和波动5种变化趋势。归一化蓝绿差异指数、过绿指数、归一化红绿差异指数、修改后的归一化绿红差异指数、可见光大气阻抗指数、蓝绿比植被指数、蓝红比植被指数、改进型双绿度指数和绿度百分比指数随色温变化的趋势既不受地物类别的影响也不受物种种类的影响;三角绿度指数、绿叶指数和红绿蓝植被指数随色温变化的趋势受到地物类别和物种种类的双重影响,归一化蓝色指数随色温变化的趋势受地物类别但不受物种种类的影响。同一植被指数的种间差异会因色温的升高而被放大。影像拍摄时的天气情况是影响数据质量的关键因素。运用无人机RGB影像计算的植被指数阐释生态学规律时,需要对数据采集端进行严格的质量把控,否则得到的结果可能会因色温的影响而失去应有的解释力。

关键词: 植被指数, 白平衡, 无人机, 色温, 可见光

Abstract: Vegetation indices based on the spectral information of the RGB three-bands have been widely used in the field of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) vegetation remote sensing. Affected by the automatic color temperature adjustment of cameras, the phenomena of color cast often occur when UAVs acquire RGB images. However, its impacts on the calculations of vegetation indices remain largely unknown. We analyzed the changing trends of 13 vegetation indices for non-vegetation objects, coniferous trees, broad-leaved trees and herbs under the color temperature gradient from 5000 K to 8000 K. The results showed that changes in color temperature significantly affected the calculation results of visible light vegetation indices. With increasing color temperature, the 13 vegetation indices exhibited five changing trends, namely rising, falling, unimodal, stable, and fluctuating. The trends of the normalized green-blue difference index, excess green index, the normalized green-red difference index, modified normalized green-red difference index, visible atmospherically resistant index, blue-green ratio vegetation index, blue-red ratio vegetation index, improved dual greenness index and greenness percentage index with the change in color temperature were affected by neither the object types nor the species. The trends of the triangular greenness index, green leaf index and red-green-blue vegetation index with change in color temperature were affected by both the object types and species identity. The trend of the normalized blue index with change in color temperature was affected by object types but not by species identity. The inter-specific differences within the same vegetation index could be amplified with the increase in color temperature. Weather conditions during image acquisition were a crucial factor influencing data quality. When utilizing vegetation indices calculated from UAV RGB imagery to interpret ecological patterns, strict quality control at the data collection process was necessary. Otherwise, the interpretability of vegetation indices would be weakened due to the impact of color temperature.

Key words: vegetation index, white balance, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), color temperature, visible light

许静, 杨龙, 王俊坚, 孙中宇. 无人机植被遥感中可见光相机色温对植被指数计算的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(3): 729-737.

XU Jing, YANG Long, WANG Junjian, SUN Zhongyu. Effects of color temperature of visible light camera on vegetation index calculation in unmanned aerial vehicle vegetation remote sensing[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2025, 36(3): 729-737.

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无人机植被遥感中可见光相机色温对植被指数计算的影响

Effects of color temperature of visible light camera on vegetation index calculation in unmanned aerial vehicle vegetation remote sensing

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