三北防护林工程区多源降水和蒸散发数据产品适用性评估及时空变化

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202509.028

应用生态学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (9): 2782-2796.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202509.028

三北防护林工程区多源降水和蒸散发数据产品适用性评估及时空变化

冯雄¹, 钱佳霖¹, 卜灵心¹, 赵梦扬¹, 杨钊¹, 冯克鹏^1,2,3,4*

¹宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院, 银川 750021;
²旱区现代农业水资源高效利用教育部工程研究中心, 银川 750021;
³宁夏节水灌溉与水资源调控工程技术研究中心, 银川 750021;
⁴宁夏大学干旱灌区水文与智慧水利野外科学观测研究站, 银川 750021

收稿日期:2025-01-03 接受日期:2025-07-09 出版日期:2025-09-18 发布日期:2026-04-18
通讯作者: *E-mail: fengkp@nxu.edu.cn
作者简介:冯雄,男,2001年生,硕士研究生。主要从事水文遥感研究。E-mail:486802208@qq.com
基金资助:
国家林业和草原局揭榜挂帅项目(202401-14)和宁夏自然科学基金重点项目(2022AAC02007)

Evaluation of the applicability of multi-source precipitation and evapotranspiration products and their spatiotemporal variations in the Three-North Shelterbelt Project Region, China

FENG Xiong¹, QIAN Jialin¹, BU Lingxin¹, ZHAO Mengyang¹, YANG Zhao¹, FENG Kepeng^1,2,3,4*

¹School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China;
²Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Water Resources in Modern Agriculture in Arid Regions, Ministry of Education, Yinchuan 750021, China;
³Ningxia Engineering Technology Research Center for Water-Saving Irrigation and Water Resources Regulation, Yinchuan 750021, China;
⁴Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Hydrology and Smart Water Conservancy in Arid Irrigation Areas, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China

Received:2025-01-03 Accepted:2025-07-09 Online:2025-09-18 Published:2026-04-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对三北防护林工程区(简称三北地区)遥感降水和蒸散发数据产品适用性和准确性尚未得到充分验证及其变化特征定量分析不足的问题,本研究选取4种降水数据产品(CHIRPS、GPM、ERA5、PERSIANN-CDR)以及3种蒸散发数据产品(GLEAM、FLDAS、GLDAS),以地面观测数据生成的高精度空间数据集为验证基准,运用相关系数、相对偏差、均方根误差、纳什效率系数等统计指标,对数据产品在不同气候区的适用性进行系统评估,并采用Mann-Kendall趋势分析、突变分析以及Morlet小波分析等方法,分析2000—2020年三北地区降水和蒸散发的时空变化规律。结果表明: 4种降水数据产品在不同气候区适用性差异显著,其中,CHIRPS在中温带干旱区、半干旱区和半湿润区精度较高,GPM在高原温带半干旱区和中温带干旱区表现出色。3种蒸散发数据产品中,FLDAS 在高原温带半干旱区和暖温带半湿润区的适用性最高,GLDAS在中温带半湿润区、半干旱区和干旱区适用性良好。2000—2020年间,三北地区降水和蒸散发整体呈上升趋势,增长率分别为2.69和1.56 mm·a^-1,二者在区域尺度上呈显著正相关,但在不同气候区表现出一定差异:在中温带半湿润区、中温带半干旱区和暖温带半湿润区,二者相关性较强,降水增加带动蒸散发上升;而在中温带干旱区和高原温带半干旱区,二者相关性较弱,蒸散发对降水变化响应不敏感。

关键词: 三北防护林工程区, 降水, 蒸散发, 适用性评估

Abstract: With four precipitation data products (CHIRPS, GPM, ERA5, and PERSIANN-CDR) and three evapo-transpiration data products (GLEAM, FLDAS, and GLDAS), we addressed the insufficient validation of the applicability and accuracy of remote sensing-based precipitation and evapotranspiration data products in the Three-North Shelterbelt Project Region (hereafter referred to as the Three-North Region), as well as the lack of quantitative analysis of their variation characteristics, using high-resolution spatial datasets generated from ground-based observations as validation benchmarks. We used statistical metrics including the correlation coefficient, relative bias, root mean square error, and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency to systematically evaluated the applicability of these data products across different climatic zones. Furthermore, we employed Mann-Kendall trend analysis, change-point analysis, and Morlet wavelet analysis to examine the spatiotemporal variations of precipitation and evapotranspiration in the Three-North Region from 2000 to 2020. The results showed that the applicability of the four precipitation products varied significantly across climatic zones. CHIRPS had higher accuracy in the middle temperate arid region, middle temperate semi-arid region, and middle temperate semi-humid region, while GPM performed better in the plateau temperate semi-arid region and middle temperate arid region. Among the three evapotranspiration products, FLDAS showed the highest applicability in the plateau temperate semi-arid region and warm temperate semi-humid region, whereas GLDAS performed better in the middle temperate semi-humid region, middle temperate semi-arid region, and middle temperate arid region. From 2000 to 2020, both precipitation and evapotranspiration in the Three-North Region showed an overall increasing trend, with rates of 2.69 and 1.56 mm·a^-1, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between the two variables at the regional scale. However, the correlation between the two variables showed differences in different climatic zones. In the middle temperate semi-humid region, middle temperate semi-arid region, and warm temperate semi-humid region, the correlation between the two variables was strong, and an increase in precipitation drove an increase in evapotranspiration. In the middle tempe-rate arid region and plateau temperate semi-arid region, the correlation between the two variables was weaker, and evapotranspiration showed limited sensitivity to change in precipitation.

Key words: Three-North Shelterbelt Project Region, precipitation, evapotranspiration, applicability evaluation

冯雄, 钱佳霖, 卜灵心, 赵梦扬, 杨钊, 冯克鹏. 三北防护林工程区多源降水和蒸散发数据产品适用性评估及时空变化[J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(9): 2782-2796.

FENG Xiong, QIAN Jialin, BU Lingxin, ZHAO Mengyang, YANG Zhao, FENG Kepeng. Evaluation of the applicability of multi-source precipitation and evapotranspiration products and their spatiotemporal variations in the Three-North Shelterbelt Project Region, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2025, 36(9): 2782-2796.

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三北防护林工程区多源降水和蒸散发数据产品适用性评估及时空变化

Evaluation of the applicability of multi-source precipitation and evapotranspiration products and their spatiotemporal variations in the Three-North Shelterbelt Project Region, China

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