关键词: 浮游动物, 生态位, 竞争, 捕食-被捕食, 典范对应分析, 三门湾

Abstract: The niche width and niche overlap of macrozoobenthos dominant species in the intertidal zone of Jiaojiang Estuary in October 2007 were analyzed based on niche theory, and the effects of natural factors (salinity, water temperature, sediment temperature, beach width, and sediment grain size) and environmental factors (contents of oils and heavy metals) on the environmental heterogeneity as well as the relationships between selected environmental factors and quantitative distribution of various groups of macrozoobenthos were studied by using canonical correspondence analysis method. The macrozoobenthos dominant species in study area were classified into four groups, i.e., burrowing surface predator, surface grazer, subsurface filter feeder, and subsurface swallow feeder, based on their feeding types. There were great differences in the niche widths among the groups, with the maximum of 0428 and the minimum of 0168, which suggested that different groups had different adaptive capacity to the environmental factors. At the level of niche overlap value higher than 06, Macrophthalmus japonicas and M. definitus of Group 1, Lunatica gilva, Bullacta exarata, Decorifera insignis, Assiminea brevicula and Cerithidae ornate of Group 2, and Moerella iridescens, Glauconome chinensis and Potamocorbula laevis of Group 3 had a biologically significant niche overlap, indicating their similar behavior in utilizing natural feeding resources.

Key words: zooplankton, niche,  , competition, prey-predator, canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), Sanmen Bay.