阿拉善干旱荒漠区不同植被类型土壤种子库研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对阿拉善干旱荒漠区不同草地类型土壤种子库的研究表明,在海拔高度为1370～1750m样地间,天然草地土壤种子密度从326粒·m^-2减少至76粒·m^-2,呈随海拔高度增加而减少的趋势。海拔高度为1100m的典型荒漠区,土壤种子密度为56粒·m^-2沙漠区土壤种子密度仅为8粒·m^-2,在沙漠区建立白沙蒿草地后,其土壤种子密度明显增加,为沙漠区的17～29倍。本研究共统计到31种植物种子,分属11科。其中,以一年生草本植物种子的比例最高,分别在天然草地、沙漠区和飞播白沙蒿样地种子库中占77%、100%和70%;多年生草本植物次之,分别占21%、0和16%;半灌木种子比例最低,分别占2%、0和14%,所有种子库中未发现灌木的种子,在海拔高度为1100～1750m样地间,天然草地土壤种子库的丰富度指数从1.49增至2.77,多样性指数从0.697增至0.917,呈随海拔高度的升高而增加趋势。

关键词: 种子库, 干旱荒漠, 生活型, 物种多样性, 相似性

Abstract: Investigations on the soil seed banks of different grassland types of Alashan arid desert region in Inner Mongolia showed that when the altitudes of sampling plots increased from 1370 m to 1750 m, the soil seed densities of natural grasslands decreased from 326 grain·m^-2 to 76 grain·m^-2.At the altitude of 1100 m, the soil seed density was 56 grain·m^-2 in typical desert plot, but only 8 grain·m^-2 in the sand dune plot.After the vegetation was restored with Artemisa sphaerocephala on sand dune, its soil seed density increased obviously, almost as 17～29 times as sand dune's.In this study, 31 seeds m^-2 were sampled, which belonged to 11 families.Among them, annual plants accounted for 77%, 100% and 70%, perennial plants accounted for 21%, 0 and 16%, and semi-shrubs accounted for 2%, 0 and 14%, respectively for natural grassland, sand dune and sown grassland.Shrub seeds were not found in all the soil seed bank plots.When the altitudes of sampling plots increased from 1100 m to 1750 m, the species richness (Margalet index) of soil seed banks of natural grasslands increased from 1.49 to 2.77, and the species diversity (Shannon-Winner index) increased from 0.697 to 0.917.

Key words: Seed bank, Arid desert, Life form, Species diversity, Similarity

中图分类号:

曾彦军, 王彦荣, 南志标, 卫东, 陈善科, 李保尔. 阿拉善干旱荒漠区不同植被类型土壤种子库研究[J]. 应用生态学报, 2003, (9): 1457-1463.

ZENG Yanjun, WANG Yanrong, NAN Zhibiao, WEI Dong, CHEN Shanke, LI Baoer . Soil seed banks of different grassland types of Alashan arid desert region, Inner Mongolia[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2003, (9): 1457-1463.

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