加气灌溉对不同施氮水平的设施甜瓜土壤CO2和N2O排放的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201904.027

应用生态学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (4): 1319-1326.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201904.027

加气灌溉对不同施氮水平的设施甜瓜土壤CO₂和N₂O排放的影响

张倩^1,2, 牛文全^1,2,3*, 杜娅丹^1,2, 崔冰晶^1,2

¹西北农林科技大学旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室, 陕西杨凌 712100;
²西北农林科技大学中国旱区节水农业研究院, 陕西杨凌 712100;
³中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所, 陕西杨凌 712100

收稿日期:2018-12-14 出版日期:2019-04-20 发布日期:2019-04-20
通讯作者: * E-mail: nwq@vip.sina.com
作者简介:张倩,女,1992年生,硕士研究生. 主要从事节水灌溉理论与技术研究. E-mail: zhangqian0916@163. com
基金资助:
本文由“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0400202)和国家自然科学基金项目(51679205)资助

Effects of aerated irrigation on CO₂ and N₂O emission from protected melon soils under different nitrogen application levels

ZHANG Qian^1,2, NIU Wen-quan^1,2,3*, DU Ya-dan^1,2, CUI Bing-jing^1,2

¹Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China;
²Institute of Water-saving Agriculture in Arid Areas of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China;
³Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China

Received:2018-12-14 Online:2019-04-20 Published:2019-04-20
Contact: * E-mail: nwq@vip.sina.com
Supported by:
This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan ( 2016YFC0400202 ) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51679205) .

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探讨不同加气灌溉施氮模式下设施甜瓜土壤CO₂和N₂O排放的动态变化规律及其与土壤温度、湿度的关系,本研究采用密闭静态箱-气相色谱法对加气灌溉不同施氮水平下土壤CO₂和N₂O排放进行监测,并分析了加气灌溉对不同施氮量下土壤CO₂和N₂O排放的影响.试验采用加气灌溉(AI)和不加气灌溉(CK)两种灌溉方式,施氮量设不施氮(N₁)、传统施氮量的2/3(150 kg·hm^-2,N₂)和传统施氮量(225 kg·hm^-2,N₃)3个施氮水平.结果表明:加气灌溉土壤CO₂和N₂O排放量高于不加气灌溉处理,但是差异不显著;相同灌溉模式下,CO₂和N₂O排放量随施氮量的增加而显著增加,施氮量是土壤CO₂和N₂O排放的主要影响因素.加气灌溉条件下,不同施氮处理N₂O排放通量与土壤温度和湿度呈显著正相关,CO₂排放通量与土壤温度呈显著正相关.加气减氮处理在氮肥减少1/3的情况下,甜瓜产量提高了6.9%,温室气体排放引起的增温潜势值从9544.82 kg·hm^-2下降到9340.72 kg·hm^-2.综上,通过加气灌溉减少氮肥施用量来抑制农业生产系统中温室气体排放是可行的.

关键词: CO₂, N₂O, 氮水平, 土壤, 加气灌溉, 排放控制

Abstract: To reveal the effects of coupling nitrogen (N) application and aerated irrigation on soil CO₂ and N₂O emission, and their relationship with soil temperature and moisture, an experiment was conducted in greenhouse melon fields by using the method of static chamber/gas chromatography to determine the CO₂ and N₂O emissions of different nitrogen rates under aerated irrigation. There were two irrigation factors (AI: aerated irrigation; CK: conventional irrigation) and three N levels (N₁: 0; N₂: 150 kg·hm^-2, the traditional nitrogen application rate was 2/3; N₃: 225 kg·hm^-2, traditional nitrogen application rate). The results showed that soil CO₂ and N₂O emissions in AI treatment were higher than those in CK, but no significant difference was observed between the two irrigation methods. Under the same irrigation method, soil CO₂ and N₂O emission significantly increased with the increases of N application rate, indicating that N application was the main influencing factor for CO₂ and N₂O emissions. There were significant positive relationships between soil N₂O emissions and soil temperature and water filled pore space (WFPS) under the AI treatment. Soil CO₂ emission were positively correlated with soil temperature. When N application reduced to N₂ rate under AI treatment, the yield was increased by 6.9% and the greenhouse warming potential was reduced from 9544.82 kg·hm^-2 to 9340.72 kg·hm^-2. Thus, it is feasible to reduce the amount of N fertilizer under AI treatment to mitigate greenhouse gas emission in agricultural production systems.

Key words: soil, aerated irrigation, emission control, nitrogen level, N₂O, CO₂

张倩, 牛文全, 杜娅丹, 崔冰晶. 加气灌溉对不同施氮水平的设施甜瓜土壤CO₂和N₂O排放的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2019, 30(4): 1319-1326.

ZHANG Qian, NIU Wen-quan, DU Ya-dan, CUI Bing-jing. Effects of aerated irrigation on CO₂ and N₂O emission from protected melon soils under different nitrogen application levels[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2019, 30(4): 1319-1326.

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加气灌溉对不同施氮水平的设施甜瓜土壤CO₂和N₂O排放的影响

Effects of aerated irrigation on CO₂ and N₂O emission from protected melon soils under different nitrogen application levels

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