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应用生态学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (2): 618-628.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202102.017

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

2000—2015年西南地区土地利用与植被覆盖的时空变化

马海云1, 张林林1, 魏学琼1, 施婷婷2, 陈铁喜1*   

  1. 1南京信息工程大学地理科学学院, 南京 210044;
    2南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京 210044
  • 收稿日期:2020-08-03 接受日期:2020-11-29 出版日期:2021-02-15 发布日期:2021-08-15
  • 通讯作者: *E-mail: txchen@nuist.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:马海云, 女, 1994年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事土地管理和植被遥感研究。E-mail: 20171206321@nuist.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0504000)和国家自然科学基金项目(31570464)资助

Spatial and temporal variations of land use and vegetation cover in Southwest China from 2000 to 2015

MA Hai-yun1, ZHANG Lin-lin1, WEI Xue-qiong1, SHI Ting-ting2, CHEN Tie-xi1*   

  1. 1School of Geographical Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;
    2School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
  • Received:2020-08-03 Accepted:2020-11-29 Online:2021-02-15 Published:2021-08-15
  • Contact: *E-mail: txchen@nuist.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Key Research and Development Project (2017YFB0504000) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31570464)

摘要: 西南地区是我国重要的生态资源区和生态脆弱区,在国家“绿水青山”战略发展中具有重要地位。本研究基于1 km空间分辨率的土地利用数据集,结合土地利用转移矩阵,定量分析2000—2015年间西南地区土地利用变化特征及其驱动力。并基于MODIS遥感植被指数,利用像元二分模型计算西南地区植被覆盖度,分析归一化植被指数(NDVI)和植被覆盖度的变化规律。结果表明: 研究期间,西南地区的主要地类是林地、农田和草地。建设用地面积增加5874 km2,增长率为55.8%;农田面积减少最多,下降6211 km2,其次是草地,减少2099 km2。2000—2015年间,西南地区建设用地的转入面积最多,主要由农田(贡献率68.2%)、林地(贡献率19.2%)和草地(贡献率13.1%)转化而来,转化的区域多靠近城区。农田的转出面积和转出率分别为7079 km2和2.2%,占所有转出类型面积的46.0%。林地多由草地(贡献率61.8%)转化而来,转化区域多分布在贵州中南部和云南西部等地。全区NDVI和植被覆盖度均呈显著增加趋势,说明研究区整体呈变绿趋势。其中,自然植被和农田的NDVI均显著增长,建设用地扩张地区的NDVI下降,说明自然植被和农田主导了该地区植被变化。通过残差分析发现,气候变化和人类活动对研究区变绿趋势的贡献显著。

关键词: 西南地区, 土地利用, 植被覆盖, 气候变化, 人为活动

Abstract: Southwestern China is an important ecologically resource area and ecologically fragile area in China, which plays an important role in the national project of “Clear Waters and Green Mountains”. Based on land use data set with a 1 km spatial resolution and combined with land use transfer matrix, we analyzed the characteristics and driving forces of land use change in Southwest China from 2000 to 2015. Based on the MODIS remote sensing index, we calculated the vegetation coverage in Southwest China using the dimidiate pixel model, and analyzed the changes of the normalized vegetation index (NDVI) and vegetation coverage. Results showed that the main land types were woodland, cropland and grassland. The built-up land area increased by 5874 km2(55.8%), the cropland area decreased by 6211 km2, and grassland decreased by 2099 km2. From 2000 to 2015, the area that had been changed to built-up land was the largest, mainly from cropland (contributed 68.2%), woodland (contributed 19.2%) and grassland (contributed 13.1%). The transformed areas were mostly close to urban area. The area and rate for the transformation of cropland were 7079 km2 and 2.2% respectively, accounting for 46.0% of all the transferred out areas. Most of the woodland were transformed from grassland (61.8%), mainly distributed in central and southern Guizhou and western Yunnan. Both NDVI and vegetation coverage were significantly increased, indicating that the whole region was greening. NDVI of both natural vegetation and cropland increased significantly, while the NDVI of areas with expanded build-up land decreased. Therefore, natural vegetation and cropland dominated the vegetation change in this region. Results of the resi-dual analysis showed that both climate change and human activities contributed significantly to the greening trend.

Key words: Southwest China, land use, vegetation cover, climate change, human activity