黄土高原天然和人工油松林根际土壤解磷细菌群落特征及其功能

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202109.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了揭示油松-根系微生物的互作关系及其对油松林分稳定性的影响,本研究选择陕西省黄龙县天然和人工油松林,采集油松根际与非根际土壤,测定非根际土壤化学特性,分离纯化根际土壤解磷(有机磷和无机磷)细菌,通过DNA基因测序鉴定解磷细菌,并测定解磷细菌的解磷能力。结果表明: 天然油松林非根际土壤中全碳(TC)、全氮(TN)含量以及C/N、N/P极显著高于人工油松林。2种油松根际土壤中共鉴定出20属65种解磷细菌,其中以芽孢杆菌属、链霉菌属和假单胞菌属为优势菌群;天然油松林根际解磷细菌多样性、丰富度和均匀度指数均高于人工油松林,而优势度指数低于人工油松林。链霉菌属与非根际土壤TC、TN和C/N、N/P呈正相关,而芽孢杆菌属和假单胞菌属与非根际土壤硝态氮、铵态氮、有效磷及全磷含量呈正相关。2种油松林根际土壤不同解磷细菌的解磷能力存在差异,其中天然和人工油松林根际共有的解磷细菌为假单胞菌Pseudomonas sp.34-5,其对磷酸钙的解磷能力最高,为11.40 μg·mL^-1;天然油松林根际独有的解磷细菌蕈状芽胞杆菌BF1-5对卵磷脂的解磷能力最高,为4.58 μg·mL^-1。该林区2种油松林根际解磷细菌菌群结构存在显著差异。与人工油松林相比,天然油松林根际土壤解磷细菌群落多样性更丰富且分布更均匀,解磷能力普遍高于人工林。

关键词: 黄土高原, 油松林, 解磷细菌, 解磷能力

Abstract: To investigate the interaction between Pinus tabuliformis and root microorganisms and its effects on the stability of P. tabuliformis forests, we collected rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil from natural and planted P. tabuliformis forests in Huanglong County of Shaanxi Province. The non-rhizosphere soil was used to analyze chemical properties, while the rhizosphere soil was used to isolate and purify phosphorus-solubilizing (organic and inorganic phosphorus) bacteria. We mea-sured the phosphate-solubilizing ability and identified those bacteria using DNA genes sequencing. The results showed that soil total carbon concentration (TC), total nitrogen concentration (TN), carbon:nitrogen (C/N), and nitrogen:phosphorus (N/P) were significantly higher in natural forest than those in the plantation. A total of 20 genera and 65 species of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria were identified in those two forests, with Bacillus, Streptomyces and Pseudomonas as the dominant group. The diversity, richness, and evenness of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in the natural forest were higher than that in the planted forest, but dominance was lower. Streptomyces was positively correlated with soil TC, TN, C/N and N/P ratios, while Bacillus and Pseudomonas were positively correlated with soil nitrate (NO₃^-), ammonium (NH₄⁺), available phosphorus (AP), and total phosphorus (TP). The solubilizing ability of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria was different between two forest types, indicating that Pseudomonas sp.34-5 shared in two forests had the strongest phosphate-solubilizing ability for calcium phosphate with 11.40 μg·mL^-1 and Bacillus mycoides BF1-5 exclusive to natural forest had the strongest phosphate-solubilizing ability for lecithin with 4.58 μg·mL^-1. The composition and structure of phosphorus-solubilizing bacterial community were different in two forest types, with higher diversity, richness and phosphate-solubilizing ability in natural forest than that in plantation.

Key words: Loess Plateau, Pinus tabuliformis, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing ability

朱颖, 库永丽, 刘金良, Le Thi Hien, 赵忠. 黄土高原天然和人工油松林根际土壤解磷细菌群落特征及其功能[J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(9): 3097-3106.

ZHU Ying, KU Yong-li, LIU Jin-liang, Le Thi Hien, ZHAO Zhong. Community characteristics and functions of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in rhizosphere soil of natural and planted Pinus tabuliformis forests on the Loess Plateau, Northwest China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2021, 32(9): 3097-3106.

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