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应用生态学报 ›› 1992, Vol. 3 ›› Issue (1): 20-27.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

辽西地区农田水分状况的研究Ⅰ.旱地作物的水分平衡估算及其调控

刘作新, 庄季屏   

  1. 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳 110015
  • 收稿日期:1991-03-08 出版日期:1992-01-25 发布日期:1992-01-25
  • 基金资助:

    辽宁省科委重点星火计划项目“辽宁省略左县下河套高生产力农田生态系统水肥调控途径研究”内容的一部分.

Study on field water regime in Western Liaoning Province Ⅰ Estimation of water balance for dryland crops and its regulation

Liu Zuoxin, Zhuang Jiping   

  1. Institute of Applied Ecology, Academia Sinica, Shenyang 110015
  • Received:1991-03-08 Online:1992-01-25 Published:1992-01-25

摘要: 本文对辽西地区主要作物田间水平衡分量进行了估算。系统研究了4种处理对水平衡方程各分量及水分调控效果的影响。分析了不同处理的作物生长、产量反应及水分利用效率。结果表明秋翻冬灌处理的储水能力分别高于秋翻不灌、秋翻春灌及深松冬灌3个处理。秋翻冬灌可使1m褐土土体增加有效储水约100mm,占该土体总有效水的2/3,使该区主要作物足以抗御春旱和夏旱,并明显提高水分利用效率。秋翻冬灌且每隔2—3年深松1次为最好的组合措施。

关键词: 水景平衡, 冬灌, 春灌, 水分利用效率, 田间耗水总量

Abstract: Field water balance for corn, sorghum and soybean is estimated. The influence of four treatments on various components of water balance equation and on water regulation is studied. Crop growth, yield response and water use efficiency (WUE) under different treatments are analysed. Results show that the field water storage capacity in treatment of plowing with winter irrigation (P+WI) is higher than those of plowing without irrigation (CK), plowing with spring irrigation(P+SI) and subsoiling (35—40cm)with winter irrigation (SL+WI). Plowing with winter irrigation can increase about 100mm of available water within lm cinnamon soil profile, which accounts for two thirds of total available water capacity. It is enough for main crops to resist severe spring and summer droughts and to increase water use effeciency(WUE). Plowing with winter irrigation (P+WI) together with subsoiling(SL) at interval of two or three years is the best combined practice.

Key words: Water balance, Winter irrigation (WI), Spring irrigation(SI), Water use efficiency(WUE), Evapotranspiration(ETc)