土壤重金属污染对蚯蚓的急性毒性效应研究

应用生态学报 ›› 2002, Vol. ›› Issue (2): 187-190.

土壤重金属污染对蚯蚓的急性毒性效应研究

宋玉芳¹, 周启星¹, 许华夏¹, 任丽萍¹, 孙铁珩¹, 龚平²

1. 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所陆地生态过程开放研究实验室, 沈阳 110016;
2. 加拿大国家研究院生物技术研究所, 安大略奎北克 H4P 2R2

收稿日期:2001-05-19 修回日期:2001-07-30 出版日期:2002-02-15
通讯作者: 宋玉芳,女,1954年生,博士,副研究员.主要从事污染生态学研究,发表文章30余篇.E-mail:Songyufang@hotmail.com
基金资助:
中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KZCX2-401);国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(973);中国科学院“污染生态化学”百人计划项目;中国科学院沈阳生态实验站资助项目

Acute toxicological effects of heavy metal pollution in soils on earthworms

SONG Yufang¹, ZHOU Qixing¹, XU Huaxia¹, REN Liping¹, SUN Tieheng¹, GONG Ping ²

1. Open Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecological Process, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016;
2. Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Council of Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, Quebec H4P 2R2

Received:2001-05-19 Revised:2001-07-30 Online:2002-02-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 测定了草甸棕壤条件下,Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd单一/复合污染对蚯蚓的急性致死及亚致死效应.结果表明,Cu、Pb浓度与蚯蚓死亡率显著相关(α=0.05,R_Cu=0.86,R_Pb=0.87),Cu浓度与生长抑制率显著相关(α=0.05,R_Cu=0.84),其他供试重金属浓度与蚯蚓死亡率和生长抑制率相关性不显著.蚯蚓个体对重金属毒性的耐受程度差别较大.其毒性阈值(引起个体蚯蚓死亡浓度)分别为:Cu300mg·kg^-1,Zn1300mg·kg^-1,Pb1700mg·kg^-1,Cd300mg·kg^-1.LC₅₀分别为:Cu400～450mg·kg^-1,Zn1500～1900mg·kg^-1,Pb2350～2400mg·kg^-1,Cd900mg·kg^-1.在Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd单一污染引起>10%蚯蚓死亡的浓度下,复合污染导致100%蚯蚓死亡,表明复合污染极强的协同效应.

关键词: 土壤, 重金属, 复合污染, 蚯蚓, 急性毒性

Abstract: Acute and sub-acute lethal effects of single and combined Cu,Zn,Pb and Cd on earthworm was determined using meadow brown soil.Results indicated that the mortality of earthworm was significantly related with the concentrations of Cu and Zn in the soil (α=0.05,R_Cu =0.86,R_Pb=0.87),and the inhibition rate of earthworm growth was significantly related with the concentration of Cu in the soil (α=0.05,R_Cu=0.84).There was no significant relation between the concentrations of other heavy metals tested and the death rate and the growth-inhibition rate.The degree of individual earthworm enduring the toxicity of heavy metals varied greatly.The threshold concentration of toxicity defined by statistical method,the level to conduce the death of individual earthworm was 300 mg·kg^-1 for Cu,1300mg·kg^-1 for Zn,1700mg·kg^-1 for Pb,300mg·kg^-1 for Cd.LC₅₀ was 400～450mg·kg^-1 for Cu,1500～1900mg·kg^-1 for Zn,2350～2400mg·kg^-1 for Pb and 900 mg·kg^-1 for Cd.Combined effects of single Cu,Zn,Pb and Cd to conduce more than10% of the death rate of earthworm could result in100% of the death rate of earthworm,thus showing the strong synergistic joint effect of the heavy metals.

Key words: Soil, Heavy metal, Combined pollution, Earthworm, Acute toxicity

中图分类号:

X174

宋玉芳, 周启星, 许华夏, 任丽萍, 孙铁珩, 龚平. 土壤重金属污染对蚯蚓的急性毒性效应研究[J]. 应用生态学报, 2002, (2): 187-190.

SONG Yufang, ZHOU Qixing, XU Huaxia, REN Liping, SUN Tieheng, GONG Ping . Acute toxicological effects of heavy metal pollution in soils on earthworms[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2002, (2): 187-190.

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