黄土半干旱区坡地土壤水分、养分及生产力空间变异

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过田间取样,分析黄土半干旱丘陵区陡坡面土壤水分、养分及其生产力空间变异性及其相关关系.结果表明,坡面0～20 cm土层土壤各养分含量均不同程度地高于20～40 cm土层,但变异程度却明显低于20～40 cm土层,且除全磷外,土壤养分变异程度均明显高于水分.20～40 cm土层土壤养分沿坡面向下逐渐增大,而0～20 cm沿坡面纵向差异较小.坡面浅沟沟槽处的土壤水分、养分条件最优,但其地上生物量却低于坡顶.虽然纵向坡度(35°～45°)明显大于横向(5°～10°),但横向坡位对土壤养分的影响却明显大于纵向(除20～40 cm土层速效磷含量除外),而对水分的影响纵向大于横向.相关分析表明,0～120 cm土壤水分与20～40 cm土壤养分以及土壤养分之间(0～20 cm速效磷除外)均呈极显著相关.坡位对土壤水分、养分及地上生物量有很大影响,但土壤水分、养分对生物量影响不显著.

关键词: 陡坡地, 土壤水分, 土壤养分, 生产力, 空间变异, 黄土半干旱区

Abstract: For the sustainable development and ecological construction in the loessial semiarid region,it is important to describe the variability of slopeland soil properties and the affecting factors of slopeland productivity.In this study,soil samples were taken from eroded steep slopeland,and leaf area index (LAI) and above-ground biomass (AGB) were measured at the sampling locations.The soil water content (WC) of 2 m depth at 20 cm intervals,and the soil organic matter (OM),total nitrogen (TN),total phosphorus (TP),available nitrogen (AN) and available phosphorus (AP) contents of 0～20 and 20～40 cm soil layers were determined in the laboratory.The results showed that the majority of the properties was normally distributed,and the nutrient contents were higher in 0～20 cm than in 20～40 cm layer,but the variations of soil nutrients were much smaller in 0～20 cm than in 20～40 cm layer.Soil nutrients had a significantly larger variation than soil moisture.Soil nutrient contents in 20～40 cm layer kept increasing from upslope to downslope,while those in 0～20 cm layer varied slightly.Slope topography had more obvious impact on soil organic matter,total nitrogen and available phosphorus than other affecting factors.Soil water and nutrient contents on the shallow gully trough were notably higher than those on the upslope,but above-ground biomass was less than that on the upslope.Though longitudinal slope (35°～45°) was obviously larger than the horizontal one (5°～10°),horizontal slope position had a greater influence on soil nutrients,but much weaker effect on soil moisture than longitudinal direction.There were significant correlations between 0～120 cm soil moisture and 20～40 cm soil nutrients,and among soil nutrients except 0～20 cm soil available phosphorus.Slopeland position had a great impact on soil moisture and nutrients,but soil moisture and/or nutrients had no significant impact on above-ground biomass.

Key words: Steep slopeland, Soil moisture, Soil nutrients, Productivity, Spatial variability, Loessial semiarid region

中图分类号:

S152.7

潘成忠, 上官周平. 黄土半干旱区坡地土壤水分、养分及生产力空间变异[J]. 应用生态学报, 2004, (11): 2061-2066.

PAN Chengzhong, SHANGGUAN Zhouping. Spatial variability of soil moisture,nutrients,and productivity on slopeland in loessial semiarid region[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2004, (11): 2061-2066.

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