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应用生态学报 ›› 2010, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (06): 1596-1602.

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    下一篇

岩性和土地利用方式对桂西北喀斯特土壤肥力的影响

杨 珊1,2,3,何寻阳1,2,苏以荣1,2,张 伟1,2,3,王克林1,2**   

  1. 1中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室,长沙 410125|2中国科学院环江喀斯特农业生态系统研究观测站, 广西环江 547200;3中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100039
  • 出版日期:2010-06-18 发布日期:2010-06-18

Effects of parent rock and land use pattern on soil fertility |in Karst region of Northwest Guangxi.

YANG Shan1,2,3, HE Xun-yang1,2, SU Yi-rong1,2, ZHANG Wei1,2,3, WANG Ke-lin1,2   

  1. 1Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China;2Huanjiang Experimental Station of Karst Ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huanjiang 547200, Guangxi, China;3Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
  • Online:2010-06-18 Published:2010-06-18

摘要: 选取桂西北喀斯特石灰岩和砂页岩典型土地利用方式的土壤为研究对象,揭示土地利用方式和岩性对土壤肥力的影响.选取土壤的11项肥力指标进行因子分析,并对各样地的因子得分进行PCA排序和聚类分析.因子分析将11项指标归纳为土壤的综合肥力、土壤pH和全磷、有效磷和全钾4个因子.PCA排序和聚类分析结果表明:土壤的综合肥力主要受土地利用方式的影响,撂荒有利于土壤综合肥力的提高;土壤pH和全磷主要受母岩性质的影响,沙页岩发育的红壤pH和全磷含量都低于石灰土;有效磷和全钾主要受施肥的影响.与全国总体水平相比,桂西北喀斯特石灰岩和砂页岩土壤均很缺乏有效磷和全钾.石灰土可通过施用铵态氮肥提高磷的有效性,红壤可通过施用石灰提高有效磷含量.另外,喀斯特石灰岩和红壤区都需注重施用钾肥以改善土壤肥力.

关键词: 桂西北, 喀斯特, 石灰土, 红壤, 肥力, 鱼类,  , 网目规格, 物种组成, 体长分布, 刀鲚

Abstract: Taking the soils developed on limestone and sandstone and with typical land use patterns in Karst region of Northwest Guangxi as test objects, this paper studied their soil fertility  under effects of parent rock and land use pattern. A total of eleven soil fertility variables were selected for factor analysis, and the component score for each sampling site was assessed by using principal component analysis (PCA) sequencing and clustering diagram. The factor analysis indicated that the eleven variables could be reduced to four components, i.e., overall soil fertility, soil pH and total phosphorus, soil available phosphorus, and soil total potassium. The PCA sequencing and clustering analysis showed that the overall soil fertility  was mainly affected by land use pattern, being the highest in abandoned farmland. Soil pH and total phosphorus content were mainly affected by parent rock. The pH value and total phosphorus content in the red soil developed on sandstone were much lower than those in the calcareous soil developed on limestone. Soil available phosphorus and total potassium contents were significantly affected by fertilization. The available phosphorus and total potassium contents in Karst calcareous soil and red soil were lower than the average level of China soils. Therefore, the Karst calcareous soil should be fertilized with ammonium nitrogen fertilizer to improve its phosphorus availability, while the Karst red soil should be amended with lime to increase its available phosphorus content. In addition, potassium fertilizer should be applied to the two soil types to improve their soil fertility.

Key words: Northwest Guangxi, Karst, calcareous soil, red soil, fertility, fish,   , mesh size, species composition, total length distribution, Coilia nasus.