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应用生态学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (10): 3376-3384.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202010.015

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

六盘山南侧华北落叶松人工林蒸腾对土壤水分和潜在蒸散的响应

曹恭祥1,2, 王云霓1,2, 郭中1*, 季蒙1, 王彦辉2, 徐丽宏2   

  1. 1内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院, 呼和浩特 010010;
    2中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所, 北京 100091
  • 收稿日期:2020-06-30 接受日期:2020-08-02 出版日期:2020-10-15 发布日期:2021-04-15
  • 通讯作者: * E-mail: nmglkynmg@163.com
  • 作者简介:曹恭祥, 男, 1984年生, 博士, 副研究员。主要从事森林生态学研究。E-mail: caogongxiang1984@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划重点专项(2017YFC0506604)和国家自然科学基金项目(41471029)资助

Responses of transpiration to variation in evaporative demands and soil water in a larch plantation at the south side of Liupan Mountains, China

CAO Gong-xiang1,2, WANG Yun-ni1,2, GUO Zhong1*, JI Meng1, WANG Yan-hui2, XU Li-hong2   

  1. 1Inner Mongolia Academy of Forestry, Hohhot 010010, China;
    2Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
  • Received:2020-06-30 Accepted:2020-08-02 Online:2020-10-15 Published:2021-04-15
  • Contact: * E-mail: nmglkynmg@163.com
  • Supported by:
    Natural Key R&D Program of China (2017YFC0506604) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41471029).

摘要: 量化林分蒸腾对大气蒸发需求和土壤供水变化的响应能更好预测林分水分利用和水分循环特征并深化对林水关系的认识。本研究以六盘山南侧的香水河小流域的华北落叶松人工林为研究对象,采用热扩散探针法监测树干液流,同步测定环境因子,分析林分蒸腾对潜在蒸散和土壤体积含水率变化的响应关系。结果表明: 林分蒸腾对土壤体积含水率变化响应的曲线在不同潜在蒸散水平下基本相似,即随土壤体积含水率增大,林分蒸腾先快速后缓慢增大,达到阈值后趋于平稳,该过程可用饱和指数增长函数得到较好的拟合;但土壤水分阈值存在差异,且阈值随潜在蒸散的升高而增大。林分日蒸腾量随潜在蒸散增加的变化遵循抛物线曲线,也存在阈值效应。采用连乘方式耦合了生长季中期林分蒸腾响应土壤体积含水率和潜在蒸散的关系,形成了同时考虑土壤供水能力和大气蒸发潜力影响的林分蒸腾模型,该模型能很好地估测蒸腾的日变化,可为人工林水分调控管理提供指导。

关键词: 林分蒸腾, 液流, 土壤水分, 潜在蒸散

Abstract: Quantifying the response of tree transpiration (T) to the variation of soil water supply capability and atmospheric evaporative demand is beneficial for a better prediction of water use and hydrological cycles in forests and deepen the understanding of the relationship between forest and water. Larix principis-rupprechtii in the Xiangshuihe watershed at the south side of Liupan Mountains was used as the research object. We simultaneously monitored sap flow density by thermal diffusion probe and the environmental factors. The response of the T to the soil volumetric water content (VWC) and potential evapotranspiration (PET) was analyzed. The results showed the response curve of T to VWC was quite similar under any different PET levels. With increasing VWC, T increased rapidly and then slowly, and began to be stable when VWC reached a threshold. This process could be well fitted by the saturated exponential function. However, the VWC threshold was different, and its value increased with rising PET. The relationship of daily T to PET was a quadra-tic equation, and PET also had a threshold effect. A stand transpiration model considering the effect of soil water supply capacity and atmospheric evaporative potential was founded which coupled the response relationship of T to PET and VWC in the rapid growth season. This model could well estimate the diurnal variation of transpiration, and provide guidance for the management of plantation water control.

Key words: forest transpiration, sap flow, soil water content, potential evapotranspiration