黄土丘陵区香梨园土壤水分、养分分布特征及其与产量的关系

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202109.028

应用生态学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (9): 3159-3166.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202109.028

黄土丘陵区香梨园土壤水分、养分分布特征及其与产量的关系

陈伟¹, 王红阳¹, 王志坚², 王佳¹, 李亚新¹, 孙从建^1*

¹山西师范大学地理科学学院, 山西临汾 041000;
²山西省水土保持科学研究所, 太原 030013

收稿日期:2020-12-29 接受日期:2021-06-22 出版日期:2021-09-15 发布日期:2022-03-15
通讯作者: * E-mail: suncongjian@sina.com
作者简介:陈伟, 女, 1987年生, 博士研究生。主要从事土壤酶学、微生物学和生态学研究。E-mail: wan_xin_chen@126.com
基金资助:
山西省留学回国人员科技活动择优项目(2020020)、山西省回国留学人员科研项目(2020-092)、山西省高校科技创新项目(2020L0240,2020L0238)、山西省水利科学技术研究与推广项目(TZ2019028)和国家自然科学基金项目(41601317)资助

Distribution characteristics of soil water and nutrients in pear orchard and their relationship with yields in loess hilly region

CHEN Wei¹, WANG Hong-yang¹, WANG Zhi-jian², WANG Jia¹, LI Ya-xin¹, SUN Cong-jian^1*

¹School of Geographical Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041000, Shanxi, China;
²Shanxi Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Taiyuan 030013, China

Received:2020-12-29 Accepted:2021-06-22 Online:2021-09-15 Published:2022-03-15
Contact: * E-mail: suncongjian@sina.com
Supported by:
Program for the Scientific Activities of Selected Returned Overseas Professional in Shanxi Province (2020020), Shanxi Scholarship Council of China (2020-092), Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of Universities in Shanxi Province (2020L0240, 2020L0238), Water Conservancy Science and Technology Research and Promotion Project of Shanxi Province (TZ2019028) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (41601317).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究以晋西黄土丘陵区玉露香梨种植下的3种不同坡位坡耕地土壤为对象,对不同坡位、不同生育期、不同深度的土壤水分、养分和产量进行观测分析。结果表明: 不同坡位中,香梨产量为高坡位>中坡位>低坡位,高坡位香梨产量与土壤含水量(SWC)、有机质(SOM)、速效钾(AK)显著相关,其中AK对产量的影响最显著,中、低坡位香梨产量与SWC、SOM、全氮(TN)显著相关,其中SWC对产量的影响最显著;高坡位SWC、SOM、速效磷(AP)和TN含量高于中、低坡位,而中坡位AK含量最高。不同土层深度中,土壤养分含量在0～20 cm最高,20～40 cm最低,而SWC在0～20 cm显著低于其他土层,在20～40 cm最高。不同生育期中,开花期SOM、AP和TN含量最高,结果期SWC最高,成熟期AK含量最高。建议该区域在今后香梨水肥管理中,开花期高坡位应加强对K肥的施用,结果期以N、P复合肥施用为主。在中、低坡位应增加灌溉量,灌溉量在300 m³·hm^-2可有效降低该区域水分对产量的限制。本研究可为黄土丘陵区香梨种植精准灌溉和科学施肥提供理论支持和数据参考。

关键词: 土壤水分, 土壤养分, 黄土丘陵区, 生态经济林, 坡位, 产量

Abstract: We analyzed soil water, nutrients, and yields in three different slope sites in the sloping farmland under Yuluxiang pear planted in the loess hilly region of Western Shanxi, across the growth periods and different soil depths. The results showed that: 1) The yield of pear was in the order of high slope site > middle slope site > low slope site. In high slope site, the yield was significantly correlated with soil water content (SWC), soil organic matter (SOM), available potassium (AK), with AK showing the most significant effect. The yield of pear in middle and low slope sites was significantly correlated with SWC, SOM, and total nitrogen (TN), with SWC having the most significant effect on yield. The contents of SWC, SOM, available phosphorus (AP) and TN in high slope site were higher than in middle and low slope sites, while AK was the highest in middle slope site. 2) Among different soil depths, soil nutrient contents were the highest within 0-20 cm soil layer, but the lowest within 20-40 cm soil layer. The SWC was significantly lower within 0-20 cm than the other soil layers and was the highest within 20-40 cm soil layer. 3) Among different growth periods, the contents of SOM, AP, and TN were the highest in flowering period, the SWC was the highest in fruiting period, and AK content was the highest in maturing period. It was suggested that in the future management of pear water and fertilizer in the region, more K fertilizer should be applied in the high slope sites in the flowering period, while N and P compound fertilizer should be applied in the fruiting period, to enhance irrigation in middle and low slope sites to decrease the limitation of water with 300 m³·hm^-2. Our results could provide theoretical support and data refe-rence for planting precision irrigation and scientific fertilization of pear planted in loess hilly areas.

Key words: soil water, soil nutrient, loess hilly region, ecological economic forest, slope site, yield

陈伟, 王红阳, 王志坚, 王佳, 李亚新, 孙从建. 黄土丘陵区香梨园土壤水分、养分分布特征及其与产量的关系[J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(9): 3159-3166.

CHEN Wei, WANG Hong-yang, WANG Zhi-jian, WANG Jia, LI Ya-xin, SUN Cong-jian. Distribution characteristics of soil water and nutrients in pear orchard and their relationship with yields in loess hilly region[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2021, 32(9): 3159-3166.

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黄土丘陵区香梨园土壤水分、养分分布特征及其与产量的关系

Distribution characteristics of soil water and nutrients in pear orchard and their relationship with yields in loess hilly region

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