非完全淹水条件下稻田表面水体中三氮的动态变化特征研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究了稻田表面水体中三氮浓度的动态变化特征.结果表明,在独立排灌的稻田田面水中,每次施氮后,NH₄⁺和TN在1 d后达到极大值,随时间推移,下降较快.NO₃^-、NH₄⁺/TN、NO₃^-/TN和(NH₄⁺+NO₃^-)/TN是先升后降.NH₄⁺和TN可作为农田水污染监测的主要氮素指标,NO₃^-作为辅助监测指标.三氮浓度变化与施氮量呈明显正相关.施氮9 d是防止三氮大量流失的关键时期.NH₄⁺和TN随时间动态变化的单因素模拟表达式为指数、对数、乘幂型或二次型;NO₃^-的也是非直线型,却无合适的模拟模式.时间和施氮量两因素模拟表明,NH₄⁺和TN的模拟模式相同.

关键词: 稻田, 铵氮, 硝氮, 总氮, 动态特征, 模拟

Abstract: Studies on the dynamics of NH₄⁺,NH₃^- and TN concentrations in the surface water of paddy field with an independent irrigation system showed that the concentration of NH₄⁺ and TN in surface water was increased to the maximum after 1day of each urea application,and then decreased rapidly with time.The ratio of NH₄⁺/TN,NH₃^-/TN and(NH₄⁺+NH₃^-)/TN was increased firstly,and then decreased. NH₄⁺ and TN could be used as the main indexes for the water pollution of the paddy field,and NH₃^- used as the assistant one.There existed a positive relation between the concentration of these three kinds of nitrogen and N application amount.Nine days after urea application was the key time to prevent the gross loss of the three kinds of nitrogen in the water surface of the paddy field.The simulation expressions of NH₄⁺ and TN with time factor could be exponential,logarithmic,power or binomial,while NH₃^- had no appropriate expression.The simulation with factors of time and N application amount showed that the simulation expressions of NH₄⁺ and TN were the same.

Key words: Paddy field, NH₄⁺, NH₃^-, Total N, Dynamic feature, Simulation

中图分类号:

X171.1
S158

王强, 杨京平, 陈俊, 施洪鑫, 许春峰. 非完全淹水条件下稻田表面水体中三氮的动态变化特征研究[J]. 应用生态学报, 2004, (7): 1182-1186.

WANG Qiang, YANG Jingping, CHEN Jun, SHI Hongxing, XU Chunfen. Dynamics of three kinds of nitrogen in surface water of rice field with an independent irrigation system[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2004, (7): 1182-1186.

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