四川亚丁自然保护区不同林线树种径向生长对气候变化的响应

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202405.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 高山林线区域树木径向生长对气候变化的响应尤为敏感。本研究对四川亚丁国家级自然保护区高山林线区域方枝柏、川滇冷杉和大果红杉3个针叶树种进行年轮采样与处理,建立标准化年表,研究不同林线树种径向生长对气候变化的响应差异。结果表明: 2000年后,大果红杉的径向生长呈现出显著上升的趋势,川滇冷杉自2002年后呈现出显著下降的趋势,近10年来,方枝柏也表现出显著下降的趋势。不同林线树种径向生长对气候因子的响应方式存在差异。方枝柏径向生长对温度响应较为敏感,与上年10月—当年8月平均最低温度、上年11月—当年4月和当年7—10月平均温度均呈显著正相关,与当年7—10月相对湿度呈显著负相关;川滇冷杉径向生长与当年5—6月平均温度和平均最高温度呈显著负相关,与当年5—6月相对湿度和帕默尔干旱指数呈显著正相关;大果红杉径向生长与上年11—12月平均温度和平均最高温度、当年3月平均最高温度和当年8月平均温度均呈显著正相关。不同林线树种径向生长对气候因子响应的时间稳定性存在差异,方枝柏和川滇冷杉径向生长与温度的正相关关系逐渐减弱,而大果红杉径向生长与温度的正相关关系逐渐增加。未来气候变暖背景下,温度升高可能促进大果红杉的径向生长,抑制川滇冷杉和方枝柏的径向生长,改变区域林线位置。

关键词: 亚丁自然保护区, 方枝柏, 川滇冷杉, 大果红杉, 高山林线, 气候响应

Abstract: The radial growth of trees in alpine timberline is particularly sensitive to climate change. We sampled and disposed tree-ring cores of three coniferous tree species including Juniperus saltuaria, Abies forrestii, and Larix potaninii at alpine timberline in Yading Nature Reserve. The standard tree-ring chronology was used to explore the response of radial growth of different timberline species to climate change. The results showed that radial growth of L. potaninii increased after 2000, while that of A. forrestii declined after 2002, and J. saltuaria showed a significant decreasing growth trend in the past 10 years. Such results indicated divergent growth responses to climate factors among the three tree species at alpine timberline. The radial growth of J. saltuaria was sensitive to temperature, and was positively correlated with the minimum temperature from previous October to current August, the mean tempera-ture from previous November to current April and from current July to October, but was negatively associated with the relative humidity from current July to October. The radial growth of A. forrestii showed negative correlation with mean temperature and the maximum temperature from May to June in the current year, while it exhibited positive association with the relative humidity and the Palmer drought severity index from May to June in the current year. L. potaninii radial growth was positively associated with mean temperature and the maximum temperature of November-December in the previous year, the maximum temperature of current March and mean temperature of current August. The temporal stability of climate-growth relationship varied among different timberline species. The positive correlation between radial growth of A. forrestii and J. saltuaria and temperature gradually decreased, while the posi-tive relationship of L. potaninii radial growth and temperature gradually increased. Under the background of climate warming, rapid rise in surface air temperatures may promote the radial growth of L. potaninii, while inhibit that of J. saltuaria and A. forrestii, which may change the position of regional timberline.

Key words: Yading Nature Reserve, Juniperus saltuaria, Abies forrestii, Larix potaninii, alpine timberline, climate response

刘泽, 李君, 石松林, 杨睿, 罗雯文, 马熠霖, 别小娟, 王国严. 四川亚丁自然保护区不同林线树种径向生长对气候变化的响应[J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 35(5): 1177-1186.

LIU Ze, LI Jun, SHI Songlin, YANG Rui, LUO Wenwen, MA Yilin, BIE Xiaojuan, WANG Guoyan. Response of radial growth of different timberline species to climate change in Yading Nature Reserve, Sichuan, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2023, 35(5): 1177-1186.

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