微地貌对江西万年珠溪国家湿地公园土壤有机碳及其组分的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202507.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 河流湿地系统内部异质性地貌对土壤有机碳影响的认知目前仍十分不足。本研究在江西万年珠溪国家湿地公园,针对珠溪河岸坡、边滩、漫滩、心滩4种主要微地貌类型进行了植物群落调查和土壤样品采集,测定了不同微地貌类型0～30 cm深度的土壤基本理化性质及土壤有机碳组分含量。结果表明: 湿地0～30 cm土壤有机碳(SOC)平均含量为(13.3±0.8) g·kg^-1,在不同微地貌类型间,0～10 cm SOC含量具有显著差异,表现为漫滩>边滩>心滩>岸坡,而10～30 cm SOC含量无显著差异。0～30 cm土壤可溶性有机碳(DOC)、颗粒有机碳(POC)和矿物结合态有机碳(MAOC)平均含量分别为(0.2±0.0)、(1.9±0.1)和(9.2±0.5) g·kg^-1,微地貌类型对0～10 cm土壤有机碳组分含量的影响比10～30 cm土壤更显著,0～10 cm土壤DOC、POC和MAOC含量均表现为漫滩最高而岸坡最低。土壤有机碳及其组分含量与植物-土壤环境因子均具有显著的相关性,冗余分析显示,土壤有效氮、容重和水分是调控珠溪湿地土壤有机碳及其组分含量随不同微地貌类型变化的关键因子。综上,微地貌通过塑造土壤质地、水分等异质性环境和改变土壤养分的有效性来影响湿地土壤有机碳动态,建议今后河流湿地的碳汇功能评估与生态管理实践还需进一步考虑不同微地貌类型的影响。

关键词: 微地貌, 土壤有机碳, 有机碳组分, 河流湿地, 国家湿地公园

Abstract: The understanding of the impact of heterogeneous landforms within river wetland systems on soil organic carbon is rather limited. We conducted plant community surveys and soil sample collection on four main types of micro landforms, namely the Zhuxi River bank slope, edge beach, floodplain, and heart beach of Wannian Zhuxi National Wetland Park in Jiangxi Province. We measured soil physical and chemical properties and the contents of soil organic carbon components at depths of 0-30 cm for different micro landforms. The results showed that the average content of organic carbon (SOC) in the 0-30 cm soil of wetlands was (13.3±0.8) g·kg^-1. There were significant differences in SOC content of 0-10 cm layer between different micro landform types, with the order of floodplain>edge beach>heart beach>bank slope. There was no significant difference in SOC content of 10-30 cm layer between different micro landform types. The average contents of soluble organic carbon (DOC), particulate organic carbon (POC), and mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) in the 0-30 cm soil were (0.2±0.0), (1.9±0.1), and (9.2±0.5) g·kg^-1, respectively. The influence of micro landform types on organic carbon components in the 0-10 cm layer was more significant than that in the 10-30 cm layer. The DOC, POC, and MAOC contents in the 0-10 cm soil layer were highest in the floodplain and lowest in the bank slope. There was a significant correlation between soil organic carbon and its component content and environmental factors. Redundancy ana-lysis shows that soil available nitrogen, bulk density, and moisture were key factors regulating the variation of soil organic carbon and its component with different micro landform types in Zhuxi wetland. In summary, micro landforms affected the dynamics of organic carbon in wetland soils by shaping heterogeneous environments such as soil texture and moisture, and altering the availability of soil nutrients. The assessment of carbon sequestration function and ecological management practices in river wetlands should further consider the impact of different types of micro landforms.

Key words: micro-landform, soil organic carbon, organic carbon component, riverine wetland, national wetland park

薛文婧, 朱安奕, 胡启武, 吴菡, 徐晨瀛, 梁金凤, 赵甜湉, 尧波. 微地貌对江西万年珠溪国家湿地公园土壤有机碳及其组分的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(7): 2092-2102.

XUE Wenjing, ZHU Anyi, HU Qiwu, WU Han, XU Chen-ying, LIANG Jinfeng, ZHAO Tiantian, YAO Bo. Effects of micro-landforms on soil organic carbon and its components in Zhuxi National Wetland Park of Wannian County in Jiangxi Province, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2025, 36(7): 2092-2102.

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