欢迎访问《应用生态学报》官方网站,今天是 分享到:

应用生态学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (7): 2103-2113.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202507.027

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

成都龙泉山城市森林公园植被覆盖度变化特征及驱动因素

任雨航1,2, 冯毅3, 陈文凯4, 虞超3, 张兴华3, 伍小刚1, 潘开文1, 张林1*   

  1. 1中国科学院成都生物研究所, 生态恢复与生物多样性保育四川省重点实验室, 成都 610213;
    2中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;
    3成都龙泉山城市森林公园管委会, 成都 610000;
    4成都市植物园(成都市公园城市植物科学研究院), 成都 610083
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-27 接受日期:2025-05-14 出版日期:2025-07-18 发布日期:2026-01-18
  • 通讯作者: *E-mail: zhanglin@cib.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:任雨航, 男, 2000年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事植被生态遥感研究。E-mail: renyh@cib.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(32360298)、中国科学院西部之光项目(2022XBZG_XBQNXZ_A_003)和龙泉山乡土动植物保护与繁育研究项目(E1D134)

Variation characteristics and driving factors of vegetation coverage in Longquan Urban Forest Park, Chengdu, China

REN Yuhang1,2, FENG Yi3, CHEN Wenkai4, YU Chao3, ZHANG Xinghua3, WU Xiaogang1, PAN Kaiwen1, ZHANG Lin1*   

  1. 1Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China;
    2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    3Management Committee of Chengdu Longquan Mountain Urban Forest Park, Chengdu 610000, China;
    4Chengdu Botanical Garden (Chengdu Park Urban Plant Science Research Institute), Chengdu 610083, China
  • Received:2024-12-27 Accepted:2025-05-14 Online:2025-07-18 Published:2026-01-18

摘要: 城市森林公园在城市生态安全维持中发挥着重要作用,植被覆盖度(FVC)的动态变化是评估其生态恢复成效和可持续管理的关键指标。本研究以成都龙泉山城市森林公园为研究对象,基于1993—2023年Landsat卫星的归一化植被指数数据,综合运用Theil-Sen-Median趋势检验法、加性季节和趋势断点检测以及最优地理探测器模型等方法,分析公园植被覆盖度线性与非线性时空变化特征及驱动因素。结果表明:1993—2023年间,公园FVC值由0.484波动上升至0.677,明显改善区域占比30.7%;植被覆盖等级转变以高覆盖度和中高覆盖度为主。公园FVC突变发生于1999—2020年间,以2005—2009年间频次最高;在FVC多种非线性突变类型中,先减后增模式的发生频率最高,占总像素面积的14.2%,主要分布在柏合、山泉、洛带和清泉等镇。年均蒸发量、年均降水量、坡度是影响公园FVC变化的主要因子;2010年前,年降雨量为主要影响因素,2010年之后坡度影响有所增强,而人为活动的影响力呈现持续减弱的趋势;年均降水量与坡度、蒸发量组合后的交互影响力最显著。研究期间,成都龙泉山城市森林公园FVC总体呈改善趋势,但其变化过程表现出复杂的非线性特征;在不同时段内,影响FVC的因素差异较大,水分的驱动作用最突出。

关键词: 植被覆盖度, 非线性变化, 突变, BFAST模型, 地理探测器, 龙泉山

Abstract: Urban forest parks play a pivotal role in maintaining urban ecological security. The dynamics in fractional vegetation coverage (FVC) are key indicators for evaluating their ecological restoration effectiveness and sustainable management. Based on normalized difference vegetation index data of Chengdu Longquan Mountain Urban Forest Park from Landsat satellites spanning from 1993 to 2023, we used a comprehensive suite of analytical methods including Theil-Sen median slope estimation, Median-Kendall trend tests, additive seasonal and trend breakpoint detection, and the optimal partial geo-detector model (OPGD) to analyze both linear and nonlinear spatiotemporal variations of FVC within the park as well as driving factors. During 1993-2023, the park’s FVC fluctuated from 0.484 to 0.677, with 30.7% of the areas showing improvement. Furthermore, the vegetation coverage grade shifted to predominantly high and medium-high levels. The mutation of FVC primarily occurred between 1999 and 2020, peaking during 2005-2009. Among the various nonlinear mutation types of FVC, the decrease to increase pattern demonstrated the highest frequency of occurrence, accounting for 14.2% of the total pixel area. This pattern was predominantly observed in towns including Baihe, Shanquan, Luodai, and Qingquan. The key factors influencing FVC were mean annual evapotranspiration, precipitation, and slope. Before 2010, annual precipitation had the strongest influence. After 2010, the influence of slope increased subsequently, and the impact of human activities declined. The interaction of precipitation, slope, and evapotranspiration had the strongest influence. During the research period, the FVC of the Chengdu Longquan Mountain Urban Forest Park showed an improving trend, but its change process exhibited complex nonlinear characteristics. The factors influencing FVC varied significantly among different time periods, with the effect of water being the most prominent.

Key words: fractional vegetation cover, nonlinear trend, mutation, BFAST model, geoDetector, Longquan Mountain