西藏珠峰地区乔松径向生长对气候变化的响应

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202405.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 全球气候变暖会对青藏高原地区树木生长产生显著影响,然而,目前有关气候变化对西藏乔松径向生长的影响尚不清楚。本研究以西藏珠峰地区乔松为对象,开展树木年轮采样与处理,采用修正的负指数函数法、区域曲线标准法和断面积增量法去除生长趋势,建立年表,运用相关分析、滑动相关分析方法探究乔松径向生长与气候因子的关系。结果表明:在1980s后,该区域温度出现显著上升趋势,帕默尔干旱指数(PDSI)出现降低趋势,而相对湿度在2004年前后由显著上升转变成下降趋势,区域气候呈现暖干化。相关分析表明,乔松径向生长与当年4—6月和7—9月的最低温度呈显著正相关,与当年6—8月相对湿度呈显著负相关,与当年1—4月降水量呈显著正相关。1983年升温突变后,乔松径向生长与当年7月和9月最低温度的关系由不相关变为显著正相关,而与当年8月相对湿度和9月降水量的关系由不相关变为显著负相关。滑动相关分析表明,乔松径向生长与当年7—9月最低温度表现出较为稳定的正相关关系。在未来气候变暖的背景下,温度升高将促进乔松径向生长。

关键词: 乔松, 径向生长, 树木年轮, 气候变化, 升温突变

Abstract: Global warming would significantly impact tree growth in the Tibetan Plateau. However, the specific effects of climate change on the radial growth of Pinus wallichiana in Mount Qomolangma are still uncertain. To investigate the responses of radial growth of P. wallichiana to climate change, we analyzed tree-ring samples in Mount Qomolangma. We removed the age-related growth trends and established three chronologies by using the modified negative exponential curve, basal area index, and regional curve standardization, and conducted Pearson correlation and moving correlation analyses to examine the association between radial growth of P. wallichiana and climatic factors. The results showed that this region had experienced a significant upward trend in temperature and that the Palmer drought severity index (PDSI) indicated a decreasing trend since 1980s, while the relative humi-dity changed from a significant upward to a downward trend around 2004, implying the climate shifted toward warmer and drier. Results of Pearson correlation analysis indicated a significant and positive relationship between the radial growth of P. wallichiana and the minimum temperature of April-June and July-September, and precipitation of January-April in the current year. The radial growth of P. wallichiana was significantly and negatively associated with the relative humidity of June, July, and August in the current year. As temperature rose after 1983, the relationship between radial growth of P. wallichiana and the minimum temperature in July and September of the current year increased from a non-significant association to a significant and positive association, while the relationship between radial growth of P. wallichiana and relative humidity in August and precipitation in September of the current year changed from non-significant correlation to a significant and negative correlation. Results of the moving correlation analysis suggested that the radial growth of P. wallichiana showed a significant and stable correlation with the July-September minimum temperature of the current year. Under the background of climate warming, the rapid increases of temperature would accelerate the radial growth of P. wallichiana in Mount Qomolangma.

Key words: Pinus wallichiana, radial growth, tree ring, climate change, abrupt warming

李君, 刘泽, 王牌, 杨睿, 史丰鸣, 邓杰, 王国严, 石松林. 西藏珠峰地区乔松径向生长对气候变化的响应[J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 35(5): 1205-1213.

LI Jun, LIU Ze, WANG Pai, YANG Rui, SHI Fengming, DENG Jie, WANG Guoyan, SHI Songlin. Response of radial growth of Pinus wallichiana to climate change in Mount Qomolangma, Tibet, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2023, 35(5): 1205-1213.

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