东北地区不同生态系统蒸腾蒸散比的时空变化特征及驱动因素

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202511.021

应用生态学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (11): 3408-3418.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202511.021

东北地区不同生态系统蒸腾蒸散比的时空变化特征及驱动因素

王井利¹, 张永胜^1,2,3, 于文颖^2,3,4,5*, 蔡福^2,3,4, 陈妮娜^2,3,4, 严国锋^1,2,3, 赵一瑾⁶

¹沈阳建筑大学交通与测绘工程学院, 沈阳 110168;
²中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所, 沈阳 110166;
³沈阳农业与生态气象研究院, 沈阳 110166;
⁴辽宁省农业气象灾害重点实验室, 沈阳 110166;
⁵盘锦国家气候观象台, 辽宁盘锦 124010;
⁶辽阳市自然资源事物服务中心, 辽宁辽阳 111010

收稿日期:2025-03-25 接受日期:2025-08-28 出版日期:2025-11-18 发布日期:2026-06-18
通讯作者: * E-mail: yuwenying@iaesy.cn
作者简介:王井利, 男, 1971年生, 教授。主要从事地理信息与遥感技术集成应用方面的研究与教学。E-mail: cejlwang@sjzu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFF0801301)、国家自然科学基金项目(42475128)和中国气象局风云卫星应用先行计划项目(FY-APP-2024.0402)

Spatiotemporal variations and driving factors of the transpiration-to-evapotranspiration ratio in different ecosystems of Northeast China

WANG Jingli¹, ZHANG Yongsheng^1,2,3, YU Wenying^2,3,4,5*, CAI Fu^2,3,4, CHEN Nina^2,3,4, YAN Guofeng^1,2,3, ZHAO Yijin⁶

¹School of Transportation and Geomatics Engineering, Shen-yang Jianzhu University, Shenyang 110168, China;
²Institute of Atmospheric Environment, China Meteorological Administration, Shenyang 110166, China;
³Shenyang Institute of Agricultural and Ecological Meteorology, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Shenyang 110166, China;
⁴Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Agrometeorological Disasters, Shenyang 110166, China;
⁵Panjin National Climate Observatory, Panjin 124010, Liaoning, China;
⁶Liaoyang Natural Resources Affairs Service Center, Liaoyang 111010, Liaoning, China

Received:2025-03-25 Accepted:2025-08-28 Online:2025-11-18 Published:2026-06-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 蒸腾蒸散比(T/ET)表征植被蒸腾在蒸散发中所占的比例,对理解植被蒸腾在生态系统水循环过程中的作用具有重要意义。本研究利用多源数据,分析了2001—2020年东北地区森林、农田、湿地3类生态系统T/ET的时空变化特征以及驱动因素。结果表明: 2001—2020年,研究区森林、农田、湿地生态系统T/ET的年际变化整体呈微弱上升趋势,年上升速率分别为0.0006、0.0037、0.0009。T/ET在生长季均表现为单峰状态,即5月开始上升,7、8月达到峰值,之后开始下降。森林、农田、湿地生态系统T/ET表现为上升趋势的区域面积占比分别为59.7%、84.7%、55.1%。在生长季,研究区东南部森林生态系统、中部农田生态系统、南部湿地生态系统T/ET均高于其他地区的同类生态系统。3类生态系统T/ET变化的主导生物驱动因子均为总初级生产力(GPP)、日光诱导叶绿素荧光,但不同生态系统存在一定差异: 森林生态系统中,相对湿度、降水、最低温度的解释力高于其他环境因子;农田生态系统中,饱和水汽压差、相对湿度、降水的影响更显著;湿地生态系统T/ET主要受净辐射、降水、最低温度的影响。影响不同生态系统T/ET变化的生物与环境因子组合中,总初级生产力和相对湿度是解释力最强的组合。

关键词: 蒸腾蒸散比, 总初级生产力, 日光诱导叶绿素荧光, 最优参数地理探测器

Abstract: The transpiration-to-evapotranspiration ratio (T/ET) characterizes the proportion of vegetation transpiration in evapotranspiration and is of great significance for understanding the role of vegetation transpiration in ecosystem water cycling. We utilized multi-source data to analyze the variations and driving factors of T/ET in three ecosystem types of Northeast China from 2001 to 2020, including forests, croplands, and wetlands. The results showed that the interannual variation of T/ET in forests, croplands, and wetlands exhibited a slight upward trend from 2001 to 2020, with annual increase rates of 0.0006, 0.0037, and 0.0009, respectively. T/ET exhibited a unimodal pattern during the growing season, rising from May, peaking in July and August, and then declining. The proportions of areas showing an upward trend in T/ET in forest, cropland, and wetland ecosystems were 59.7%, 84.7%, and 55.1%, respectively. During the growing season, the T/ET ratios of forest ecosystems in the southeastern part of the study area, cropland ecosystems in the central part, and wetland ecosystems in the southern part were all higher than those of the same ecosystem type in other regions. The dominant biological driving factors for T/ET changes in the three ecosystem types were gross primary productivity (GPP) and solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence, but with differences among different ecosystems. In forest ecosystems, the explanatory power of relative humidity, precipitation, and minimum temperature was higher than that of other environmental factors. In croplands, the effects of saturation vapor pressure deficit, relative humidity, and precipitation were more significant. In wetlands, T/ET was mainly influenced by net radiation, precipitation, and minimum temperature. Among the combinations of biological and environmental factors influencing the changes in T/ET across different ecosystems, gross primary productivity and relative humidity constituted the most explanatory combination.

Key words: transpiration-to-evapotranspiration ratio, gross primary productivity, solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence, optimal parameters-based geographical detector

王井利, 张永胜, 于文颖, 蔡福, 陈妮娜, 严国锋, 赵一瑾. 东北地区不同生态系统蒸腾蒸散比的时空变化特征及驱动因素[J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(11): 3408-3418.

WANG Jingli, ZHANG Yongsheng, YU Wenying, CAI Fu, CHEN Nina, YAN Guofeng, ZHAO Yijin. Spatiotemporal variations and driving factors of the transpiration-to-evapotranspiration ratio in different ecosystems of Northeast China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2025, 36(11): 3408-3418.

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东北地区不同生态系统蒸腾蒸散比的时空变化特征及驱动因素

Spatiotemporal variations and driving factors of the transpiration-to-evapotranspiration ratio in different ecosystems of Northeast China

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