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森林流域坡面流与壤中流耦合模型的构建与应用

郑侃1,2;金昌杰1;王安志1;关德新1;裴铁璠1   

  1. 1中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳 110016;2中国科学
    院研究生院, 北京 100039
  • 收稿日期:2007-11-30 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2008-05-20 发布日期:2008-05-20

Construction and application of a coupled slope surface-subsurface flow model for forested watershed.

ZHENG Kan1,2;JIN Chang-jie1;WANG An-zhi1;GUAN De-xin1;PEI Tie-fan1   

  1. 1Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; 2Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
  • Received:2007-11-30 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2008-05-20 Published:2008-05-20

摘要: 采用饱和入渗理论、Saint-Venant方程和Richards方程构建了以有限差分法求解的坡面流与壤中流耦合模型,并模拟了不同坡度和不同雨强下的坡面产汇流室内实验.结果表明:该模型模拟的坡面流和壤中流过程与实测过程基本一致,峰现时间、径流历时、峰值流量、出流总量模拟值与实测值的相对误差均较小,基本小于10%.模型的模拟精度较高,实用性较强,为深入研究壤中流机制和改进流域降雨-径流模型提供了理论依据.

关键词: 土地利用, 土壤有机碳, 活性有机碳, 非活性有机碳, 黑河

Abstract: A coupled slope surface-subsurface flow model which can be solved by finite difference method was constructed with saturated infiltration theory, SaintVenant equation, and Richards-equation, and a series of slope runoff generation experiments under conditions of different slope grades and rain intensities were conducted in laboratory. The results showed that the simulated and observed processes of surface-subsurface flow accorded well, with the relative errors of peak time, flow duration, peak flow, and gross flow being mostly less than 10%. This precise and practicable model could be used in further studying the mechanisms of subsurface flow and in providing theoretical basis for improving rainfall-runoff watershed models.

Key words: land use, soil organic carbon, active organic carbon, non-active organic carbon, Heihe River.