关键词: 白蚁巢穴, 土壤生物结构, 养分循环, 水气交换, 微生物互作, 植物群落

Abstract: Termites, as a kind of nesting social insects, are often confused as worldwide “pests” because some of their groups have great destructive effects. The vast majority of termites can regulate ecosystem functions and ser-vices by participating in biogeochemical cycles, known as “ecosystem engineers”. We reviewed studies on the effects of termites on the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of mound soil ecosystems and the composition and diversity of plant communities. Termites could form unique soil “biogenic aggregates” and “resource heterogeneity patches”, which affect microbial community structure, extracellular enzyme activity, physicochemical property and greenhouse gas emission, thereby affecting plant growth, community composition and structure, and vegetation productivity. However, this effect significantly differed among termite groups and functional groups, and was dependent on regional soil environment and microclimate conditions. Meanwhile, termite-mound could effectively improve ecosystem adaptation or resistance to environmental stress through the above process. Future research should focus on the following directions: 1) studying the trophic cascading effect of termite-centered soil multilevel biological network and the potential effect on biogeochemical cycle from microscale (aggregate level) to macroscale (landscape level); 2) exploring the potential of termite mound soil as a fertility amendment in tropical regions, and mining beneficial microbial functional genes to develop related products for termite control.

Key words: termite-mound, soil biogenic structure, nutrient cyclying, water-air exchange, microbial interaction, plant community