滇中亚高山地带性森林土壤微生物碳利用效率对氮添加的响应

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202602.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 土壤微生物碳利用效率(CUE)反映了微生物将吸收的碳分配用于生物量合成的比例。探究氮添加条件下土壤微生物CUE的变化,有助于深化对森林生态系统土壤碳固存潜力的理解。本研究以滇中亚高山常绿阔叶林和高山栎林土壤为研究对象,采用模拟氮添加试验,设置0 (CK)、50 (N₅₀)、100 (N₁₀₀)、150(N₁₅₀)、200 (N₂₀₀)、250 kg·hm^-2·a^-1(N₂₅₀)6个添加水平,研究施氮后土壤化学性质、微生物量及胞外酶活性的动态变化特征,通过生物地球化学模型计算微生物CUE,分析土壤微生物CUE对氮添加的响应趋势。结果表明: 氮添加下常绿阔叶林土壤微生物CUE大于高山栎林,且2个林分中土壤微生物CUE均为0～10 cm土层>10～20 cm土层。常绿阔叶林中土壤微生物CUE随氮添加量升高呈先增加后降低,比对照降低2.9%～41.3%;高山栎林则表现为高氮促进低氮抑制,在N₂₀₀和N₂₅₀处理下较对照显著增加8.1%和11.6%,其余处理较对照均降低。常绿阔叶林土壤微生物CUE的主要影响因子为土壤细菌和真菌群落α多样性及pH,而高山栎林则为土壤细菌和真菌群落α多样性以及土壤NO₃^--N、pH。2种林分的优势类群不一致,群落结构变化对土壤微生物CUE产生显著影响。林分类型、氮添加水平及土层深度共同决定了常绿阔叶林和高山栎林CUE的动态变化,表明生态系统碳储存潜力对氮沉降的响应具有显著的生态特异性。

关键词: 氮添加, 土壤微生物碳利用效率, 土壤微生物群落, 土壤酶活性, 常绿阔叶林, 高山栎林

Abstract: Soil microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) reflects the proportion of absorbed carbon allocated to biomass synthesis by microorganisms. Investigating changes in soil microbial CUE under nitrogen addition would contribute to a deeper understanding of soil carbon sequestration potential in forest ecosystems. To investigate the responses of soil chemical properties, microbial biomass, and extracellular enzyme activity to nitrogen addition, we conducted a nitrogen addition experiment with six levels (0 (CK), 50 (N₅₀), 100 (N₁₀₀), 150 (N₁₅₀), 200 (N₂₀₀), 250 kg·hm^-2·a^-1(N₂₅₀)) in subalpine evergreen broad-leaved forest and Quercus aquifolioides forest in central Yunnan. Microbial CUE was calculated using a biogeochemical model. Then, we examined the responses of soil microbial CUE to nitrogen addition. The results showed under nitrogen addition, soil microbial CUE in evergreen broad-leaved forest exceeded that in Q. aquifolioides forest. Both forest types showed higher microbial CUE in the 0-10 cm soil layer than in the 10-20 cm layer. In evergreen broad-leaved forest, soil microbial CUE first increased then decreased with rising nitrogen addition levels decreasing by 2.9%-41.3% compared to the control. In contrast, Q. aquifolioides forest exhibited a pattern with a positive impact of high nitrogen levels but a negative effect of low nitrogen levels. Under N₂₀₀ and N₂₅₀ treatments, CUE significantly increased by 8.1% and 11.6%, while it decreased under other nitrogen addition treatments. The primary factors influencing soil microbial CUE in evergreen broad-leaved forest were bacterial and fungal community α-diversity and soil pH, whereas the factors were bacterial and fungal community α-diversity, soil NO₃^--N, and pH in Q. aquifolioides forest. The dominant groups differed between the two forest types, and the changes in community structure significantly influenced soil microbial CUE. Forest type, nitrogen addition, and soil depth jointly determined the variations in CUE for both evergreen broadleaf and Q. aquifolioides forest, indicating that the response of ecosystem carbon storage potential to nitrogen deposition exhibited significant ecological specificity.

Key words: nitrogen addition, soil microbial carbon use efficiency, soil microbial community, soil enzyme acti-vity, evergreen broad-leaf forest, Quercus aquifolioides forest

张龙, 梁小玲, 侯征, 陈雯, 王邵军, 舒海苑, 宋娅丽. 滇中亚高山地带性森林土壤微生物碳利用效率对氮添加的响应[J]. 应用生态学报, 2026, 37(2): 427-440.

ZHANG Long, LIANG Xiaoling, HOU Zheng, CHEN Wen, WANG Shaojun, SHU Haiyuan, SONG Yali. Responses of soil microbial carbon use efficiency to nitrogen addition in mid-subalpine zonal forests of central Yunnan, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2026, 37(2): 427-440.

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