氮磷添加下马尾松人工林不同凋落物组分分解的土壤调控

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202602.009

应用生态学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (2): 441-452.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202602.009

氮磷添加下马尾松人工林不同凋落物组分分解的土壤调控

李璟^1,2, 周永维^1,2, 沈雅飞^1,2, 曾立雄^1,2, 刘常富^1,2, 程瑞梅^1,2, 肖文发^1,2*

¹中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所, 国家林业和草原局森林生态环境重点实验室, 北京 100091;
²湖北秭归三峡库区森林生态系统定位观测研究站, 湖北秭归 443600

收稿日期:2025-09-24 接受日期:2025-12-04 出版日期:2026-02-18 发布日期:2026-08-18
通讯作者: * E-mail: xiaowenf@caf.ac.cn
作者简介:李璟, 男, 1996年生, 博士研究生。主要从事森林土壤碳循环过程研究。E-mail: ljingxuanxuan@163.com
基金资助:
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(CAFYBB2023QB005)、国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD2200402)和中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(CAFYBB2022XD002)

Soil regulatory effects on the decomposition of different litter components in Pinus massoniana plantation under nitrogen and phosphorus additions

LI Jing^1,2, ZHOU Yongwei^1,2, SHEN Yafei^1,2, ZENG Lixiong^1,2, LIU Changfu^1,2, CHENG Ruimei^1,2, XIAO Wenfa^1,2*

¹Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China;
²Hubei Zigui Three Gorges Reservoir Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Zigui 443600, Hubei, China

Received:2025-09-24 Accepted:2025-12-04 Online:2026-02-18 Published:2026-08-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究基于为期2年的氮、磷添加试验,设置对照(0 kg N·hm^-2·a^-1,0 kg P·hm^-2·a^-1)、磷(30 kg P·hm^-2·a^-1)、低氮(30 kg N·hm^-2·a^-1)、低氮+磷(30 kg N·hm^-2·a^-1,30 kg P·hm^-2·a^-1)、高氮(90 kg N·hm^-2·a^-1)、高氮+磷(90 kg N·hm^-2·a^-1,30 kg P·hm^-2·a^-1)6个处理,研究了马尾松人工林地上不同组分凋落物(叶、枝、果)和细根凋落物(Ⅰ～Ⅲ级根)的分解过程,分析了其与土壤pH、有机碳、全氮等化学因子及α-1,4-葡糖苷酶等水解酶活性的关系,并采用方差分解法量化了土壤因子对凋落物可溶性糖、淀粉等养分残留率及分解系数的相对贡献。结果表明: 同一处理下,不同组分凋落物的分解系数(k)存在显著差异,枝条(k=0.42～0.49)整体上低于叶和果,Ⅰ级细根(k=0.42～0.51)整体上显著低于Ⅱ级和Ⅲ级。与单一养分添加相比,低氮+磷处理显著促进了凋落物的分解和养分释放;高氮处理使土壤pH降低23.1%,从而显著抑制分解,而高氮+磷处理则将高氮处理下pH提升13.9%,有效缓解了高氮的不利效应。土壤酶活性与化学因子共同驱动了凋落物分解过程,其中酶活性因子的独立解释率(5.1%～15.2%)整体上高于化学因子(0.7%～6.5%)。土壤酶活性是外源养分输入影响凋落物分解的关键驱动因子。在马尾松人工林经营管理中,应避免单一或过量施氮,并依据土壤状况合理配施磷肥,以通过增强土壤生物活性促进凋落物的分解和养分归还。

关键词: 马尾松, 氮磷添加, 凋落物分解, 土壤酶活性, 土壤化学性质

Abstract: In this study, we conducted a two-year nitrogen and phosphorus addition experiment with six treatments: control (0 kg N·hm^-2·a^-1, 0 kg P·hm^-2·a^-1), phosphorus (30 kg P·hm^-2·a^-1), low nitrogen (30 kg N·hm^-2·a^-1), low nitrogen + phosphorus (30 kg N·hm^-2·a^-1, 30 kg P·hm^-2·a^-1), high nitrogen (90 kg N·hm^-2·a^-1), and high nitrogen + phosphorus (90 kg N·hm^-2·a^-1, 30 kg P·hm^-2·a^-1). We investigated the decomposition of different litter components of aboveground (leaf, branch, fruit) and fine root litter (class Ⅰ-Ⅲ roots) in Pinus massoniana plantation, examined their relationships with soil chemical factors (e.g., pH, organic carbon, total nitrogen) and hydrolytic enzyme activities (e.g., α-1,4-glucosidase). We further quantified the relative contributions of soil factors to nutrient residue (e.g., soluble sugars, starch) and decomposition coefficients (k) following variation partitioning analysis. The results showed that decomposition coefficients varied significantly among litter components in the same treatment, with branches (k=0.42-0.49) being lower than leaves and fruits, and first-order roots (k=0.42-0.51) being lower than higher-order roots. Compared with single-nutrient addition, the low nitrogen + phosphorus treatment significantly enhanced litter decomposition and nutrient release. In contrast, high nitrogen treatment reduced soil pH by 23.1% and markedly inhibited decomposition. The high nitrogen + phosphorus treatment raised pH by 13.9%, effectively mitigating the adverse effect of high nitrogen. Soil enzyme activity and chemical factors jointly drove litter decomposition, with the independent contribution of enzyme activity (5.1%-15.2%) being overall higher than that of chemical factors (0.7%-6.5%). Soil enzyme activity was the key driving factor for the decomposition of litter influenced by exogenous nutrient input. In the management of P. massoniana plantations, it was necessary to avoid excessive or single application of nitrogen, and should appropriately apply phosphorus fertilizer based on the soil conditions. This was to enhance soil biological activities and promote litter decomposition and nutrient return.

Key words: Pinus massoniana, nitrogen and phosphorus addition, litter decomposition, soil enzyme activity, soil chemical property

李璟, 周永维, 沈雅飞, 曾立雄, 刘常富, 程瑞梅, 肖文发. 氮磷添加下马尾松人工林不同凋落物组分分解的土壤调控[J]. 应用生态学报, 2026, 37(2): 441-452.

LI Jing, ZHOU Yongwei, SHEN Yafei, ZENG Lixiong, LIU Changfu, CHENG Ruimei, XIAO Wenfa. Soil regulatory effects on the decomposition of different litter components in Pinus massoniana plantation under nitrogen and phosphorus additions[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2026, 37(2): 441-452.

参考文献

[1] Ni XY, Lin CF, Chen GS, et al. Decline in nutrient inputs from litterfall following forest plantation in subtropical China. Forest Ecology and Management, 2021, 496: 119445
[2] 林晓瑜, 万晓华, 贾辉, 等. 亚热带21个树种人工林功能性状与凋落物养分归还特征的关系. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(6): 1455-1462
[3] 郭晓伟, 张雨雪, 尤业明, 等. 凋落物输入对森林土壤有机碳转化与稳定性影响的研究进展. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(9): 2352-2361
[4] Dong LL, Sun T, Berg B, et al. Effects of different forms of N deposition on leaf litter decomposition and extracellular enzyme activities in a temperate grassland. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2019, 134: 78-80
[5] Liu MH, Lin HH, Li JM. Are there links between nutrient inputs and the response of microbial carbon use efficiency or soil organic carbon? A meta-analysis. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2025, 201: 109656
[6] 姜铭楷, 马书琴, 熊艳云, 等. 氮沉降驱动下凋落物分解对毛竹林土壤有机碳组分的影响. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(11): 2983-2991
[7] 吕妍, 郑泽梅, 美丽班·马木提, 等. 增施氮磷肥对木荷林凋落物生产量及其养分的影响. 应用生态学报, 2013, 24(11): 3027-3034
[8] Růžek M, Tahovská K, Guggenberger G, et al. Litter decomposition in European coniferous and broadleaf forests under experimentally elevated acidity and nitrogen addition. Plant and Soil, 2021, 463: 1-15
[9] Sokol NW, Kuebbing SE, Karlsen-Ayala E, et al. Evidence for the primacy of living root inputs, not root or shoot litter, in forming soil organic carbon. New Phytologist, 2019, 221: 233-246
[10] Fu XF, Xu CH, Geng QC, et al. Effects of nitrogen application on the decomposition of fine roots in temperate forests: A meta-analysis. Plant and Soil, 2022, 472: 77-89
[11] Chen GT, Chen YQ, Yao XZ. Soil nitrate drives fine root decomposition under nitrogen addition in a subtropical forest. Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, 2025, 8: 1595417
[12] 范珍珍, 王鑫, 王超, 等. 整合分析氮磷添加对土壤酶活性的影响. 应用生态学报, 2018, 29(4): 1266-1272
[13] Wojewódzki P, Lemanowicz J, Debska B, et al. Soil enzyme activity response under the amendment of different types of biochar. Agronomy, 2022, 12: 569
[14] Zhao SY, Zhang ST. Long-term phosphorus addition alters soil enzyme kinetics with limited impact on their temperature sensitivity in an alpine meadow. Science of the Total Environment, 2024, 957: 177569
[15] Li J, Chen T, Zhang M, et al. Tree biomass improves soil microhabitat in Pinus massoniana forests of Central China. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 2025, 25: 1-14
[16] Chen T, Cheng RM, Xiao WF, et al. Nitrogen addition enhances nitrogen but not carbon mineralization in aggregate size fractions of soils in a Pinus massoniana plantation. Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, 2024, 7: 1240577
[17] Sun T, Dong LL, Wang ZW, et al. Effects of long-term nitrogen deposition on fine root decomposition and its extracellular enzyme activities in temperate forests. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2016, 93: 50-59
[18] 路闯. 湖北省马尾松人工林生产力时空变异及其关键影响因素. 硕士论文. 武汉: 华中农业大学, 2020
[19] Pregitzer KS, Deforest JL, Burton AJ, et al. Fine root architecture of nine north American trees. Ecological Monographs, 2002, 72: 293-309
[20] Xia M, Talhelm AF, Pregitzer KS. Long-term simulated atmospheric nitrogen deposition alters leaf and fine root decomposition. Ecosystems, 2018, 21: 1-14
[21] 王晓荣, 雷蕾, 曾立雄, 等. 除灌和择伐对马尾松林表层土壤酶活性的短期影响. 陆地生态系统与保护学报, 2022, 2(1): 1-12
[22] 张楠, 杨智杰, 胥超, 等. 中亚热带森林转换对凋落物养分归还及养分利用效率的影响. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(2): 321-328
[23] Canessa R, Brink L, Berdugo MB, et al. Trait functio-nal diversity explains mixture effects on litter decomposition at the arid end of a climate gradient. Journal of Ecology, 2022, 110: 2219-2231
[24] 高建新, 兰勇, 龚雨, 等. 亚热带次生林甜槠和拟赤杨不同分解程度叶凋落物混合分解动态研究. 江西农业大学学报, 2025, 47(3): 659-670
[25] 杨玉海, 郑路, 段永照. 干旱区人工防护林带不同林分凋落叶分解及养分释放. 应用生态学报, 2011, 22(6): 1389-1394
[26] Hao JQ, Xu W, Song JJ, et al. Adaptability of agricultural soil microbial nutrient utilization regulates community assembly under mulching measures on the Loess Plateau. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 2023, 357: 108702
[27] 宋飘, 张乃莉, 马克平, 等. 全球气候变暖对凋落物分解的影响. 生态学报, 2014, 34(6): 1327-1339
[28] 李澳归, 林成芳, 胡明艳, 等. 增温对亚热带杉木枝和叶凋落物理化性质的影响. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(10): 2711-2717
[29] 王娜, 程瑞梅, 肖文发, 等. 三峡库区马尾松不同直径细根分解动态及其影响因素. 应用生态学报, 2017, 28(2): 391-398
[30] Casa LDJ, Sardans J, Galindo M, et al. Stoichiometry of litter decomposition under the effects of climate change and nutrient enrichment: A meta-analysis. Plant and Soil, 2024, 506: 1-18
[31] 王倩, 王克勤, 宋娅丽, 等. 滇中云南松林土壤-微生物-胞外酶化学计量特征对氮沉降的响应. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(7): 1789-1798
[32] 艾灵, 吴福忠, 樊雪波, 等. 米槠和杉木人工林土壤酶活性和酶化学计量特征对凋落物输入的短期响应. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(3): 631-638
[33] Lemanowicz J, Bartkowiak A, Zielińska A, et al. The effect of enzyme activity on carbon sequestration and the cycle of available macro (P, K, Mg) and microelements (Zn, Cu) in phaeozems. Agriculture, 2023, 13: 172
[34] 张晓晴, 曾泉鑫, 元晓春, 等. 氮添加诱导的磷限制改变了亚热带黄山松林土壤微生物群落结构. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(1): 203-212
[35] Liu MH, Gan BP, Li Q, et al. Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus addition on soil extracellular enzyme activity and stoichiometry in Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) forests. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2022, 13: 834184
[36] Lyu MK, Homyak PM, Xie JS, et al. Litter quality controls tradeoffs in soil carbon decomposition and reple-nishment in a subtropical forest. Journal of Ecology, 2023, 11: 2181-2193
[37] 王丽君, 程瑞梅, 肖文发, 等. 氮添加对三峡库区马尾松-栓皮栎混交林土壤微生物生物量和酶活性的影响. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(1): 42-50
[38] Qin WK, Feng JG, Zhang QF, et al. Nitrogen and phosphorus addition mediate soil priming effects via affecting microbial stoichiometric balance in an alpine meadow. Science of the Total Environment, 2024, 908: 168350

氮磷添加下马尾松人工林不同凋落物组分分解的土壤调控

Soil regulatory effects on the decomposition of different litter components in Pinus massoniana plantation under nitrogen and phosphorus additions

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	井一泽, 汪君冶, 张海燕, 曹建宏, 李玉强, 王雪飞, 惠竹梅. 葡萄园行间生草对土壤有机碳组分的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2026, 37(7): 2146-2156.
[2]	张娟, 邓蕾, 王文龙. 黄土高原草地封育过程中土壤有机碳稳定性及其影响因素 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2026, 37(7): 2157-2168.
[3]	石娜, 刘建康, 张洁, 吕鹏, 张程辉, 张博华, 兰慧琴, 王益涛. 围封对宁夏荒漠草原典型植物群落土壤理化性质与酶活性的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2026, 37(6): 1851-1860.
[4]	刘姝萱, 汪志奋, 贾晨波, 薛宇昕, 安钰, 安慧. 基于最小数据集评价氮、磷养分添加对荒漠草原土壤质量的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2026, 37(6): 1915-1923.
[5]	徐依婧, 孙璇, 陈勇, 郑旭理, 周燕, 马晓敏, 梁辰飞, 秦华, 陈俊辉. 不同原料生物质炭输入对毛竹林土壤微生物养分限制状况的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2026, 37(5): 1477-1487.
[6]	蒋迎楹, 曾文婷, 江明君, 王唯亦, 李全, 宋新章, 施曼. 木质素降解菌群对毛竹林土壤碳氮元素的调控 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2026, 37(4): 1025-1032.
[7]	张龙, 梁小玲, 侯征, 陈雯, 王邵军, 舒海苑, 宋娅丽. 滇中亚高山地带性森林土壤微生物碳利用效率对氮添加的响应 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2026, 37(2): 427-440.
[8]	赵帅明, 王蕊, 李诚浩, 刘金花, 孟亚馨, 苏海瑶, 徐学华. 降水对樟子松人工林根际土壤微生物碳氮磷养分限制特征的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2026, 37(1): 43-51.
[9]	赵海平, 勾蒙蒙, 陈会玲, 朱粟锋, 斛如媛, 刘常富, 肖文发. 林龄对鄂中丘陵区马尾松人工林土壤团聚体稳定性和土壤可蚀性的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(9): 2729-2736.
[10]	黎浩文, 梁永鑫, 黄英梅, 梁春梅, 张俊涛, 刘可星. 生物炭对红壤区林地土壤性质及细菌群落的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(9): 2771-2781.
[11]	秦佳双, 倪隆康, 郑路, 谭羽, 贾慧琳, 廖苏慧, 顾大形. 采脂对马尾松液流密度径向变化及整树蒸腾的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(3): 711-718.
[12]	孙榕, 赵颖志, 陈勇, 郑旭理, 周燕, 邵帅, 梁辰飞, 秦华, 陈俊辉. 典型毛竹入侵阔叶林生境凋落物、土壤碳氮组分及酶活性特征 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(2): 489-496.
[13]	张仲富, 王禹童, 艾静, 刀静梅, 李傲梅, 邓军, 吴建明, 赵勇. 钾肥对甘蔗根际微生物多样性和群落构建过程的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(2): 526-536.
[14]	王焱, 肖以华, 付志高, 朱火生, 许涵, 胡冬南, 曾繁助, 贲春丽. 不同杉木-阔叶树混交林土壤碳氮磷含量及酶活性 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(10): 2909-2919.
[15]	张娟娟, 李星志, 王亚楠, 邓娇娇, 周莉, 周旺明, 于大炮, 王庆伟. 太阳辐射对陆地生态系统凋落物分解影响的研究进展 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2024, 35(9): 2463-2472.